When going on a Camping trip, the best vehicle to take on the trip would be a RV. An RV is the acronym for Recreation auto and is essentially a tow-able or motorized auto that is used for both transport and as a temporary living quarters. They are typically sold by recreational car dealers. There are many RV lease vehicles for one time use of the RV found in local RV dealers. It's also possible to a rent RV online if you require one.
Of course, you can't expect too good a mileage as RV gas mileage is rather low in comparison to other cars. The reason is because of it being a massive and heavy vehicle. [**] there are some tricks you might do to increase the RV gas mileage.
you might check the tire pressure of the tires of the RV using a RV pressure regulator as tires with too low tire pressure give a low mileage. Limiting the utilization of the air conditioner in the RV will also help increasing the RV gas mileage. If your RV has additional RV trailer accessories, it is likely that the RV gas mileage will be low due to the additional weight. When traveling, avoid climbing and braking pointlessly and this can increase the RV gas mileage. Naturally, the better the route is, the better your mileage will be, So when plotting out your Camping trip, route it using the most productive routes possible .
You can raise the mileage considerably by making a visit to the garage before going on a camping trip. Any fouled fuel injectors in the RV, when replaced will increase the the miles for your money. With the realization of all of these steps, you will find that the RV gas mileage will increase considerably, to give you a better mileage on your camping trip.
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Sunday, March 31, 2013
Making Your Own Wood Stove Heat Shield
Occasionally the shields which are presented to you neither suit your wood stove nor your taste. Right here is really a way you can make your own wood stove heat shield that may work out much less costly than purchasing one and fit in perfectly with the décor in your home.
You don't want to harm your heat shield so prior to establishing the wood stove, ensure that the stove is far sufficient away from the wall. The ground regrettably, you cannot avoid. The stove will be in extremely close proximity to the floor as a result it also needs to be protected.
The heat shield needs to cover the wall straight at the rear of it and also the floor. Initial starting using the region behind the stove, map out an area 3 occasions the width of the stove and twice as high. Tile the ground region with the identical quality clay tiles. It might be necessary to organize an elevation, particularly if you're putting the burner on a wooden ground.
Similarly, instead of tiling the region you can put up a shield made from encounter bricks, these are also ideally fire resistant and act as being a ideal shield.
Clay is a very heat resistant material since it sets under extremely high temperatures. Making your own heat shield from clay could be enjoyable and deliver out the creativity in you. It may be advisable to do it under the guidance of a potter whose kiln will come in useful!
The dimensions of the wood stove heat shield will remain the identical regardless of what material you choose, but you can select any shape, perhaps an arch way. By utilizing a skewer to sample the clay, you can create a Japanese effect or customize it with quaint cottage designs.
You can find more information about wood stoves at http://thegreatfireplace.com/wood-stove-heat-shield-home-and-family-safe-and-warm/, where you can read about wood stove heat shields.
Click Here for more information
You don't want to harm your heat shield so prior to establishing the wood stove, ensure that the stove is far sufficient away from the wall. The ground regrettably, you cannot avoid. The stove will be in extremely close proximity to the floor as a result it also needs to be protected.
The heat shield needs to cover the wall straight at the rear of it and also the floor. Initial starting using the region behind the stove, map out an area 3 occasions the width of the stove and twice as high. Tile the ground region with the identical quality clay tiles. It might be necessary to organize an elevation, particularly if you're putting the burner on a wooden ground.
Similarly, instead of tiling the region you can put up a shield made from encounter bricks, these are also ideally fire resistant and act as being a ideal shield.
Clay is a very heat resistant material since it sets under extremely high temperatures. Making your own heat shield from clay could be enjoyable and deliver out the creativity in you. It may be advisable to do it under the guidance of a potter whose kiln will come in useful!
The dimensions of the wood stove heat shield will remain the identical regardless of what material you choose, but you can select any shape, perhaps an arch way. By utilizing a skewer to sample the clay, you can create a Japanese effect or customize it with quaint cottage designs.
You can find more information about wood stoves at http://thegreatfireplace.com/wood-stove-heat-shield-home-and-family-safe-and-warm/, where you can read about wood stove heat shields.
You can find additional info at the following links:
Click Here for more informationClick Here for more information
Saturday, March 30, 2013
Installing a Trailer Hitch Cover
As a trailer hitch cover distributor, the most common concern I hear from potential customers is the fear that the trailer hitch cover they purchase won’t fit into their receiver. In reality, this is something you rarely need to worry about. Trailer hitch cover manufacturers know this, and have, of course, taken it into consideration in the hitch covers they create and distribute.
To understand why trailer hitch covers fit in nearly any hitch, a brief explanation of the trailer hitch classification system is necessary. Trailer hitches come in five main classes, based on towing capacity. Although there is some variance between manufacturers, most class I and class II trailer hitches have a receiver size of 1 1/4 inches, class III trailer hitches (which are the most common type)have a receiver opening of 2 inches, and class IV and V can have openings up to 2.5 inches.
Trailer hitch cover manufacturers assemble trailer hitch covers with these size variances in mind, and as such, most hitch covers come with multiple mounting pieces to fit different size receivers. As such, consumers need not worry about a trailer hitch cover simply not fitting on their vehicle’s hitch receiver.
Choosing the right attachment to use for your car or truck is easy. Simply measure the receiver hitch opening (inside edge to inside edge). Once this measurement is made, have a look at the mounting pieces that your hitch cover came with. Measure these pieces, and use whichever one is closest, but smaller in size.
Attaching the mounting pieces to the hitch cover is generally simple, and requires only a Phillips head screwdriver. Once the hitch cover is assembled, you're ready to attach the hitch cover to the hitch. It's as easy as it looks - simply slide the hitch cover into the receiver, making sure that the hitch pin hole on the receiver is lined up with one of the holes on the trailer hitch cover, then slide your hitch pin through the side to secure the cover. In some cases, your trailer hitch cover may stick out a bit from the hitch, but don't worry, your hitch cover is still perfectly secure and the slight difference is virtually unnoticeable from behind.
Finally, you might want to consider purchasing a hitch pin lock to better secure your hitch cover or anything else you’ve attached to your trailer hitch. Please consider checking my store, TrailerHitchUniverse.com for trailer hitch covers, hitch pin locks, and other quality trailer hitch accessories.
You can find additional info at the following links:
Click Here for more informationClick Here for more information
Truck Reconditioning
I 80 Equipment (www.i80equipment.com) is a #1 supplier of quality reconditioned trucks. They sell boom trucks, bucket trucks, crane trucks, digger derrick trucks, and other heavy equipment for many different industries this means it purchases used trucks, reconditions them to like-new condition, and resells them to new truck owners. What’s earned them such a strong reputation in the industry is that they provide a full-fledged rigorous reconditioning, all the while keeping the purchase costs affordable.
I 80 Equipment specialize in selling fully reconditioned, used trucks. After close to 20 years experience in the industry, I 80 Equipment have the reconditioning down to an art. They start by disassembling the truck completely, degreasing and power washing it. Then the truck is driven into the paint bay, where it gets sprayed with a primer to give the boxes and chassis more protection, and then it’s sprayed again with an industrial paint, heated to 100 degrees. Only then are you looking a re-assembly, with part replacements, and waxing. The final stage is the 77 point inspection, the signing off by the mechanic, and then an external inspection and certification process.
Once you’ve put a truck through such an intensive overhaul, you definitely want to make sure the world sees them. And if I 80 Equipment are specialists in reconditioning trucks, they’re also specialists in marketing their reconditioned trucks. They take pride in their work, and pride in showing photos and video footage of their trucks on their website.
They’ve also come up with the rather ingenious idea to have a Feature “Truck of the Month”. This means past customers and new customers alike can check in and see what’s being driven onto the I 80 Equipment premises. Another rather clever strategy is to invite the online truck shopper to “Just say FIND IT!” (www.i80equipment.com/locator.html) and they’ll help you find the truck you’re looking for. But they don’t stop there! They’re so convinced that they can help a potential customer that they’re prepared to fly them out to their salesroom, from wherever they are based nation-wide.
I 80-Equipment have been seRVicing the Electric Utility and Telecom, Tree Care, Sign and Light industries for the last decade and a half. Check out their online extensive listing (www.i80equipment.com), colour photos, detailed descriptions and live video footage. Accessories include augers, auger straps, buckets, bucket liners, winch ropes, and much more! Range of brands include: Altec, Duralift, Hi-Ranger, Lift-All, MTI, Terex, Versalift. All of their trucks are listed on the website with mileage, gross weight, engine and fuel type and transmission.
I 80-Equipment stand behind their trucks. They ensure the brakes, electrical system, engine, steering suspension and power transmission meet or exceed federal inspection. And that’s not mentioning the body, cab, and tires.
I 80 Equipment have over 50 trucks in stock, including used altec bucket trucks, bucket trucks, boom trucks, crane trucks and used digger derricks. Sign up for email alerts of new acquisitions on their expanding lot or consult with one of their Sales Associates today!
Friday, March 29, 2013
Advantages Of Fabric Covered Buildings
Today’s huge storage units and warehouses in many manufacturing business industries can now be constructed as fabric covered buildings. Cover buildings are built up with skeleton like steel frameworks and fabric covers over the frames tightly fit to protect the interior. These shelter systems can be used as canvas building for military or portable Tents for weddings and other special occasions. They are preferred for being durable and have the ability to withstand harsh weather conditions.
Why use fabric covered buildings?
COST
Tarp buildings, compared to traditional buildings, have proven to be a lot more advantageous being very heavy duty, long lasting and relatively cheap. These structures do not require conventional materials which peak up the overall cost of construction. For fabric covered buildings, labors are not needed in the construction; resulting to a much lower cost compared to the usual building structures.
MAINTENANCE
It only takes a cloth or some washing to make the fiber cover appears excellently, minimizing the need for much effort. Fiber Tough’s fabric structures simply resist dust and dirt, are non-corrosive (which means the colors do not easily fade due to exposure to the sun and rain), and do not easily rust.
The structure is designed for strength and durability which eliminates or lessens the need for regular repairs and additions like traditional homes and shelters. When used as a portable garage, it provides safekeeping to vehicles without requiring much attention to itself. Not much preventive or corrective maintenance is required despite its widely diverse uses.
DESIGN
Fiber Tough’s dome shelter is multipurpose. It can be used as storage house or and can be customized to reach the client’s requirements. The fabric is very easy to keep, fold over and portable for transportation to any other places. It is very easy to assemble and install that the installation itself could also turn out to be a family bonding time. It also provides natural lighting so that no interior lighting is required during the daytime. At night, because of its bright white interior color, minimum amount of lighting is needed because its dome spreads the light evenly and wider, greatly saving on electricity costs. As a matter of fact, hundreds of watts more are needed to light a traditional warehouse than a fabric covered warehouse.
What Fiber Tough offers?
Fiber Tough imports fabric covered buildings designed by highly skilled and qualified professional engineers. The company offers are largely built fabric structures for a tennis or swimming pool cover, for aircrafts shelters with roof toughly designed to resist heavy rains and strong wind blows and to ensure that all stored materials inside the covered building are safe. For companies and individuals requiring extra sheltered storehouse space or area to keep their vehicles or farmhouse dry and warm, Fiber Tough can bring you well fabricated steel support beams and quality fabric to build up your desired fabric covered building.
Google Maps A Boon to Hunters, Anglers, and Other Outdoor Enthusiasts
How many times have you wondered what's on the other side of that mountain or what's beyond the next river bend?
Sure, topo and road maps provide part of the picture, but to get a real sense of a particular area, I find it easier to use a combination of topo and aerial photography maps. For hunters, anglers, 4-wheel, Camping, hiking, and other outdoor enthusiasts, Google Maps provides a great perspective on the outdoors with its new satellite imagery maps.
On April 5, 2005, Google announced the integration of its Keyhole digital mapping seRVice with the popular Google Maps seRVice (http://maps.google.com). In addition to a great overhead view, Google Maps allow you to click and drag maps with your mouse, zoom and pan, search for specific locations, get detailed driving direction, and more.
How It Benefits Outdoor Enthusiasts
Google Maps benefits outdoor enthusiasts for a number or reasons. The main benefit is that Google Maps allows you to see what you couldn't see before, at least without spending money on aerial maps, as they provide free access to their satellite imagery.
I live in Springfield, Oregon near the McKenzie River and Willamette River. Both rivers are great for fishing trout, steelhead, salmon, and more. With so much river frontage passing less than half a mile by my house, you'd think it easy to find a new spot to fish. The only problem is that the area is riddled with housing and farm tracts, with no easy way to access the river without traveling a couple of miles near the edge of town or several miles outside of town.
Plus, topo and road maps only tell part of the story. In regards to fishing, what about current, trees, weeds, rocks, gravel, and other structure? We all know that aerial maps answer a lot of these questions. With Google Maps' satellite imagery, I've already determined several locations that I'll be trying this year. With deer hunting season around the corner, I'll also be using these maps to scout out some new hunting locations.
I also recently visited Moab, Utah for the 2005 Easter Jeep Safari, and could have benefited greatly from the use of such detailed maps while traversing many of the offroad trails in the area. 4-wheel and offroad enthusiasts, bikers, hikers, and scenery buffs will notice the trails, trailsheads, and landmarks such as Lion's Back, Arches National Monument, and other spots of interest.
Check out the following links to see the power of Google Maps:
* Cliff Hanger Trail Overlooking Factory
- overhead view
http://maps.google.com/maps?q=moab,utah&ll=38.524847,-109.648275&spn=0.015814,0.020900&t=k&hl=en
- from lookout
http://www.discusstheoutdoors.com/gallery/displayimage.php?album=12&pos=98
* Lion's Back and Potato Salad Hill, Moab, Utah
http://maps.google.com/maps?q=moab,utah&ll=38.576903,-109.531288&spn=0.031629,0.041800&t=k&hl=en
* Arches National Park, Moab, Utah
http://maps.google.com/maps?q=moab,utah&ll=38.680973,-109.514637&spn=0.126514,0.167198&t=k&hl=en
* McKenzie River in Springfield, Oregon
http://maps.google.com/maps?q=springfield,+oregon&ll=44.064274,-122.905254&spn=0.031629,0.041800&t=k&hl=en
The Good and Bad
Google Maps provides both detailed street level and satellite imagery maps. While the street level maps cover the entire United States, Canada, and the UK, the high resolution satellite images seem to cover only more populated areas. For outdoor enthusiasts visiting urban areas, this is great. But for those visiting rural or wilderness areas, Google still has a ways to go before more detailed imagery is available.
Images seem to be pretty up-to-date, at least within the areas I checked. For example, my house is located near a new housing development, and I can see houses that were started within the last year on the map.
With Google aiming to expand its reach, I'm sure that we'll see maps with greater detail and higher resolution in the future. That's good news for outdoor enthusiasts.
Things to Note
* Image resolution varies by distance. At the lowest resolution/farthest distance, you can identify large landmarks such as mountains, rivers, and large lakes. At the highest resolution/closest distance, you can locate specific cars, buildings, trees, hills, creeks, and more.
* Satellite images are current within a year or so, but they are not in real-time.
Thursday, March 28, 2013
Ultralight Backpacks - The Lightest Out There
Why ultralight backpacks? Devotees of ultralight backpacking know you reduce your packweight most by concentrating on the "big three;" backpack, shelter, and sleeping bag. Forget those 6-pound backpacks, 9-pound Tents and 5-pound sleeping bags. Reduce that 20 pounds to less than 5, keep the other gear to 5 or 6 pounds, and you can chuck the hot and heavy hiking boots, put on the running shoes, and start enjoying those trails.
Four Ounce Ultralight Backpacks
No, that's not a typo. One of the ultralight backpacking suppliers recently came out with a light pack with a capacity of 1800 cubic inches, plus more in an expandable rear pocket. Designed to carry just fifteen pounds, It may be more fragile than the average pack, but it weighs just 3.7 ounces! With a pack that light you're well on your way to keeping your total packweight to fifteen pounds.
I bought a six ounce pack at Walmart. Maybe you didn't know they sold ultralight backpacks, and niether did they. I'm sure it was intended as a daypack. However, it has 1200 cubic inches and weighs only 6 ounces, so I'll use it for summer overnighters. At $4, it was light on the budget too.
It easy to imagine that a decent-sized backpack can be made at home that weighs less than 8 ounces. If it's a simple one, without extra pockets, made from light nylon material, how much could it weigh? Making your own may be the way to get the lightest backpack.
Alternatives To Ultralight Backpacks
I've used my 8-ounce duffle bag for backpacking. With no pockets, it's tough to organize things, but it has lots of room, and it is very tough. In practice, the full-length zipper makes it so easy to see everything that organization isn't very important.
I also have tied the duffle bag to an an old aluminum pack-frame, to create a full-suspension backpack. It has a hip belt, comfortable padded straps, and weighs exactly two pounds. It worked fine on a trip above timberline in the mountains of Montana. If there are any lighter exterior-frame ultralight backpacks out there, I haven't seen them.
You can also go on overnight trips with just a bivy sack, a bottle of water and a few granola bars in the pockets of your jacket. I've done this in the summer. Of course, I suppose without ultralight backpacks, this can't even be called backpacking.
Disadvantages of camping holidays
Camping holidays can be great fun but there is no denying the fact that there are some negative aspects. If you want to make the most out of a Camping trip then it's best to be aware of the disadvantages in advance. By doing so, you can make plans to ensure that you still have a wonderful holiday.
So what are the main problems when it comes to these sorts of trips? One thing that you really need to think about well in advance is the kit and equipment that you'll need while you're away. There's nothing worse than arriving at a rural location and finding out that you've forgotten to pack something vital.
The easiest way to avoid such problems is to draw up a list of everything that you'll be needing and then to tick things off as you pack them.
How about issues with Tents? These can also often be avoided with a little planning. The most common problems that people face tend to surround Tents that aren't fully protected from the elements and problems with erecting them.
The best way to tackle these problems is to actually put your tent up in the garden before you leave. A little trial run will ensure that you're happy that you know how to put the tent up and also that it is fully waterproof.
One big disadvantage of camping holidays is that bathroom facilities at many camp sites are really lacking. That means that you can guarantee a nice, warm shower in the mornings. Worse still, toilets may be sadly lacking when it comes to hygiene.
So how can you plan for these issues? There are hygienic toilet solutions available that will enable you to have your own private facilities on camping trips.
Portable camping toilets that fold up, taking up less space in the car, are a particularly good solution. You'll also find that some manufacturers have been producing environmentally friendly camping toilets.
These seem like a good way to improve the situation.
There are negatives when it comes to camping trips but it's important that you don't forget about the positives. With careful planning you can remove, or at least reduce, the disadvantages involved in these holiday.
Enjoy your next camping holiday and make the most of your time!
More on camping and folding camping toilets is available online, as discussed by Keith Barrett. This article may be used by any website publisher, though this resource box must always be included in full.
So what are the main problems when it comes to these sorts of trips? One thing that you really need to think about well in advance is the kit and equipment that you'll need while you're away. There's nothing worse than arriving at a rural location and finding out that you've forgotten to pack something vital.
The easiest way to avoid such problems is to draw up a list of everything that you'll be needing and then to tick things off as you pack them.
How about issues with Tents? These can also often be avoided with a little planning. The most common problems that people face tend to surround Tents that aren't fully protected from the elements and problems with erecting them.
The best way to tackle these problems is to actually put your tent up in the garden before you leave. A little trial run will ensure that you're happy that you know how to put the tent up and also that it is fully waterproof.
One big disadvantage of camping holidays is that bathroom facilities at many camp sites are really lacking. That means that you can guarantee a nice, warm shower in the mornings. Worse still, toilets may be sadly lacking when it comes to hygiene.
So how can you plan for these issues? There are hygienic toilet solutions available that will enable you to have your own private facilities on camping trips.
Portable camping toilets that fold up, taking up less space in the car, are a particularly good solution. You'll also find that some manufacturers have been producing environmentally friendly camping toilets.
These seem like a good way to improve the situation.
There are negatives when it comes to camping trips but it's important that you don't forget about the positives. With careful planning you can remove, or at least reduce, the disadvantages involved in these holiday.
Enjoy your next camping holiday and make the most of your time!
More on camping and folding camping toilets is available online, as discussed by Keith Barrett. This article may be used by any website publisher, though this resource box must always be included in full.
Video Source: Youtube
Wednesday, March 27, 2013
Infrared Oven Cooking Cooks Deep
Are you curious about what food taste like from an infrared oven? Convection cooking is also a rage. Both these types of cooking are preferred over conventional cooking. The food even tastes better. You can get a tabletop model. Look over this article for why you should use infrared oven cooking.
Infrared oven cooking refers to cooking food using invisible light energy. When light waves hit the foods the food molecules begin to vibrate and heat up. According to Prevention, the infrared technology used in microwaves does not have cancer threats, because they do not have sufficient power to damage your DNA.
With cooking with infrared, the food heats up quickly, allowing you to save 85% of the energy used by conventional ovens. A remarkable decrease in your electric bill will be noticed immediately. The foods are cooked more evenly inside and out while retaining food's natural flavors and juices.
Many people are amazed at how they place frozen chicken on the infrared oven, and watch it defrost properly. Because infrared is energy-efficient, your pockets can breathe freely as your electric bill is cut dramatically. If you know how to use the right systems, which uses the right infrared frequencies, you can enjoy over 80% energy saving in your oven cooking.
Infrared oven cooking supports the healthy cooking campaign as there is no need for you to add cooking oils, seasonings, or artificial flavors to improve the taste of the cooking food. This oven has varying cooking temperatures, which you can change to estimate cooking time and the heat needed. Compared to standard oven, foods are cooked 50% faster.
Unlike conventional oven cooking, you do not experience difficulties in cleaning up the infrared oven. Its laxan dome is durable and dishwasher-safe. When you bake with it, it does not produce baked-on and caked-on messes. Its touch pad cooking control is easy to understand and use.
Even when you are having a picnic or Camping, you can bring with you your infrared oven. It is compact in size and light in weight, making it convenient and portable to use anywhere. Its lightweight does not mean it cannot carry a 9 lb whole chicken or turkey; it certainly can.
Infrared oven cooking has many converts who now use only this type of cooking. It has excellent recommendations and testimonials from those who have tried it. They are impressed the precision and taste of the foods cooked, such as fish, poultry meats, and vegetables. If you are a baking enthusiast, you will enjoy the efficiency of cooking with the IR oven.
Infrared is not absorbed nor disseminated by air. Pots and bowls with flat surfaces are ideal with infrared oven. It can heat flat surfaces quickly and efficiently. However, shapes that are three-dimensional can also enjoy perfect heating with infrared ovens.
Chefs enjoy the IR oven's zoning features. Besides being able to rotate cooking wares to have evenly exposure to radiation, you can also configure the oven for ideal heating temperatures. In contrast to what people believe, IR ovens do not have health hazards as do ultraviolet radiation and microwave radiation.
Compared with ultraviolet radiation or microwave radiation, infrared oven cooking does not pose immediate threats. However, for precautionary measures, you are advised to use reflectors and shields to improve the efficiency of the oven. It is also advised not to have prolonged viewing of high intensity infrared emitters at 15' distance.
The maintenance of infrared oven cooking includes an examination of emitters and replacement of malfunctioning components. Regular cleaning of reflectors is helpful in maintaining the efficiency of the oven and making it to last longer.
Now at https://www.mynuwaveoven.com you can get 3 way cooking. The new 3 way oven has infrared, convection and conductions cooking. This is the Nuwave Oven. Its infrared cooking is its secret. Go to Nuwave oven to get the latest information on NuWave cooking.
Infrared oven cooking refers to cooking food using invisible light energy. When light waves hit the foods the food molecules begin to vibrate and heat up. According to Prevention, the infrared technology used in microwaves does not have cancer threats, because they do not have sufficient power to damage your DNA.
With cooking with infrared, the food heats up quickly, allowing you to save 85% of the energy used by conventional ovens. A remarkable decrease in your electric bill will be noticed immediately. The foods are cooked more evenly inside and out while retaining food's natural flavors and juices.
Many people are amazed at how they place frozen chicken on the infrared oven, and watch it defrost properly. Because infrared is energy-efficient, your pockets can breathe freely as your electric bill is cut dramatically. If you know how to use the right systems, which uses the right infrared frequencies, you can enjoy over 80% energy saving in your oven cooking.
Infrared oven cooking supports the healthy cooking campaign as there is no need for you to add cooking oils, seasonings, or artificial flavors to improve the taste of the cooking food. This oven has varying cooking temperatures, which you can change to estimate cooking time and the heat needed. Compared to standard oven, foods are cooked 50% faster.
Unlike conventional oven cooking, you do not experience difficulties in cleaning up the infrared oven. Its laxan dome is durable and dishwasher-safe. When you bake with it, it does not produce baked-on and caked-on messes. Its touch pad cooking control is easy to understand and use.
Even when you are having a picnic or Camping, you can bring with you your infrared oven. It is compact in size and light in weight, making it convenient and portable to use anywhere. Its lightweight does not mean it cannot carry a 9 lb whole chicken or turkey; it certainly can.
Infrared oven cooking has many converts who now use only this type of cooking. It has excellent recommendations and testimonials from those who have tried it. They are impressed the precision and taste of the foods cooked, such as fish, poultry meats, and vegetables. If you are a baking enthusiast, you will enjoy the efficiency of cooking with the IR oven.
Infrared is not absorbed nor disseminated by air. Pots and bowls with flat surfaces are ideal with infrared oven. It can heat flat surfaces quickly and efficiently. However, shapes that are three-dimensional can also enjoy perfect heating with infrared ovens.
Chefs enjoy the IR oven's zoning features. Besides being able to rotate cooking wares to have evenly exposure to radiation, you can also configure the oven for ideal heating temperatures. In contrast to what people believe, IR ovens do not have health hazards as do ultraviolet radiation and microwave radiation.
Compared with ultraviolet radiation or microwave radiation, infrared oven cooking does not pose immediate threats. However, for precautionary measures, you are advised to use reflectors and shields to improve the efficiency of the oven. It is also advised not to have prolonged viewing of high intensity infrared emitters at 15' distance.
The maintenance of infrared oven cooking includes an examination of emitters and replacement of malfunctioning components. Regular cleaning of reflectors is helpful in maintaining the efficiency of the oven and making it to last longer.
Now at https://www.mynuwaveoven.com you can get 3 way cooking. The new 3 way oven has infrared, convection and conductions cooking. This is the Nuwave Oven. Its infrared cooking is its secret. Go to Nuwave oven to get the latest information on NuWave cooking.
Camping Made Easy with an ATV Cargo Rack and Bag
Taking your ATV for an overnight Camping trip is a great way to get away from it all. With your all-terrain vehicle, you can avoid the crowded campgrounds and find hard-to-access Camping sites that offer one-of-a-kind views and a total escape from civilization. With an ATV drop rack and bag, you can do just that.
The best way to pack your utility quad for a camping trip is to use ATV front and rear racks and a rack pack. Tailgate style or drop racks make for easy loading and unloading and give you extra space to stash your cargo. An ATV luggage bag fits nicely on the front or rear of your quad and helps keep your cargo clean and dry. Make sure your rack bag is waterproof to seal out rain, water, mud, sand, and dirt.
Pack items that are as lightweight as possible. The following list will give you a basic idea of what to pack. Depending on how much you like to rough it, you may want to leave some of these items behind.
• Lighting (flashlight and batteries or lantern and fuel)
• Shelter (tarp or tent and sleeping bag)
• Emergency supplies (first aid kit)
• Repair kit for your ATV (tire repair kit, basic tool kit, etc.)
• Shovel
• Recovery gear
• Extra fuel
• Cell phone
• Maps and GPS unit
• Food and water (including a water purification system for emergencies)
• Cooking supplies
• Matches or fire starter
• Clothing and toiletries
• Rain gear
• Garbage bags
Pack heavier items towards the bottom of the ATV rack as a base; then pile lighter items on top. Lightweight, bulky items (like sleeping bags) you can strap down on top of the load with bungee cords, but seal them in a plastic garbage bag first in case of rain. Try to include items that can seRVe more than one purpose in order to cut down on extra luggage and weight. Also, keep items that you need to access frequently at the top of your ATV bag.
Balance the load out from the front rack to the rear rack and from side to side. Check your owner's manual for the manufacturer's rated load capacity. In some ATV models, the rear capacity is double the capacity for the front of your quad. Check the load capacity of your ATV racks as well. Try not to stack the load too high. You want to keep the center of gravity as low as possible.
Place the rear cargo as far forward as possible on your ATV drop rack, and keep the front cargo clear of the handlebars. Leave enough room to easily turn the handlebars. With a heavier load, your ATV may handle differently, so drive with caution until you get a good feel for what your quad can handle under load. Avoid steep grades and uneven terrain that could cause your quad to tip.
With an adequate amount of planning ahead, you'll be able to relax and enjoy your trip in the backcountry. Remember to pack out what you pack in, and leave your campsite cleaner than you found it.
Tiffin Motorhomes Now Available in Southern California
Recreational Vehicles are the best way to ensure the comforts of home while you are on a tour. In fact it is a home away from home itself. Earlier RVs were thought of as an affordable way to get away, but now most of the RV's are more like a home on wheels. If you are in mind to buy a motor home, especially if you are looking for a RV for sale then why not consider Tiffin Motor homes. Equipped with top notch features that are generally reserved for costly motor homes, this popular travel trailer combines luxury and low prices.
Founded by Bob Tiffin, Tiffin motor homes came into existence in the year 1985 and are one of the best travel trailers available today. Tiffin is one of the most prominent manufacturers in the motor-homes industry who has produced gas and diesel-powered Class A motor-homes in USA and Canada. Tiffin's Class A motor homes include - the Allegro, Allegro Bay, Phaeton, Allegro Bus and Zephyr which comes with Tiffin "DoggieWindow.". It was when Bob Tiffin nudged a car in the blind spot of a lane that the safety idea popped in his mind. What separates Tiffin Motor homes from the rest in the lot, besides offering extremes of luxury, is that they take into account the safety of the drivers and the passengers which is actually a unique feature to the motor home industry.
Thanks to the small, low-mounted window on the passenger side of the coach or in front of the door, accidents can be avoided easily. The motor-home is built on air ride suspensions to provide a comfortable ride that almost floats over the road. Run by diesel, Class A motor homes are usually of about 45 feet in length and has a front-engine diesel engine.
Tiffin Motor homes is the ultimate name when it comes to luxury. While In the Allegro bed room, you can enjoy facilities such as seven foot ceilings, wardrobe with automatic lights, bed comforter, innerspring mattress, solar/privacy shades, 26" LCD TV, Wall-to-wall carpet and Scotchguard treated carpet and fabrics. The bedroom can also be customized according to your wish. In the allegro RED Living Area/Dinette you can avail standard cloth sofa with optional Flex Air Hide-a-Bed, booth dinette with large pull-out storage drawers, optional home theater surround sound system with DVD player, 32" LCD TV in midsection, double bowl kitchen sink , 3-burner cooktop with oven and even a microwave. Relax your self with a rejuvenating bath in the allegro RED Bath which provides Flexsteel driver and passenger seats, Fiberglass molded shower with skylight, Optional Fantastic Fan, Medicine cabinet and solid surface vanity top.
Out of numerous online portals, Rvexpo is one of the best travel trailer dealers in the market who has made the daunting task of RV buying quite a fun. RV Vans such as Tiffin Motorhomes are now available in Southern California. From this website you can place your order for The Fifth Wheel, the most luxurious of the pull-behind trailers, Class C motor homes, Class A Motor Homes which have a van-type front.
RV Expo is the largest source of RV s in America. Whether you are looking for a new or used RV we have it all - with 104 brands, 800 floor plans and the biggest dealers in the Country RV Expo can deliver the best selection, service and prices. Nobody can beat an RV Expo deal.
Founded by Bob Tiffin, Tiffin motor homes came into existence in the year 1985 and are one of the best travel trailers available today. Tiffin is one of the most prominent manufacturers in the motor-homes industry who has produced gas and diesel-powered Class A motor-homes in USA and Canada. Tiffin's Class A motor homes include - the Allegro, Allegro Bay, Phaeton, Allegro Bus and Zephyr which comes with Tiffin "DoggieWindow.". It was when Bob Tiffin nudged a car in the blind spot of a lane that the safety idea popped in his mind. What separates Tiffin Motor homes from the rest in the lot, besides offering extremes of luxury, is that they take into account the safety of the drivers and the passengers which is actually a unique feature to the motor home industry.
Thanks to the small, low-mounted window on the passenger side of the coach or in front of the door, accidents can be avoided easily. The motor-home is built on air ride suspensions to provide a comfortable ride that almost floats over the road. Run by diesel, Class A motor homes are usually of about 45 feet in length and has a front-engine diesel engine.
Tiffin Motor homes is the ultimate name when it comes to luxury. While In the Allegro bed room, you can enjoy facilities such as seven foot ceilings, wardrobe with automatic lights, bed comforter, innerspring mattress, solar/privacy shades, 26" LCD TV, Wall-to-wall carpet and Scotchguard treated carpet and fabrics. The bedroom can also be customized according to your wish. In the allegro RED Living Area/Dinette you can avail standard cloth sofa with optional Flex Air Hide-a-Bed, booth dinette with large pull-out storage drawers, optional home theater surround sound system with DVD player, 32" LCD TV in midsection, double bowl kitchen sink , 3-burner cooktop with oven and even a microwave. Relax your self with a rejuvenating bath in the allegro RED Bath which provides Flexsteel driver and passenger seats, Fiberglass molded shower with skylight, Optional Fantastic Fan, Medicine cabinet and solid surface vanity top.
Out of numerous online portals, Rvexpo is one of the best travel trailer dealers in the market who has made the daunting task of RV buying quite a fun. RV Vans such as Tiffin Motorhomes are now available in Southern California. From this website you can place your order for The Fifth Wheel, the most luxurious of the pull-behind trailers, Class C motor homes, Class A Motor Homes which have a van-type front.
RV Expo is the largest source of RV s in America. Whether you are looking for a new or used RV we have it all - with 104 brands, 800 floor plans and the biggest dealers in the Country RV Expo can deliver the best selection, service and prices. Nobody can beat an RV Expo deal.
Tuesday, March 26, 2013
Printing Equipment Safety Guidelines
Thirty percent of reported accidents are manual handling accidents. These accidents include transporting and supporting of loads, awkward positioning, and unstable materials that are difficult to hold. It rarely results to death, but accidents like this can end up to major injuries such as fractured back or arm. It also results to damage and loss of construction materials.
Back sprain or strain, which can lead to chronic conditions, is the most common injury. Others include muscular spasms and strains, abrasions and cuts.
In 1974, the Health and Safety at Work act was implemented and required employers to apply safety measures. And because of the increasing risk of injury, the Manual Handling Operations Regulations 1992 was imposed and pointed out that if employers cannot eliminate manual lifting they must at least find a way to reduce it. These accidents were also investigated.
The elimination of risk of such accident lies in the employers and manual handling risk assessment tools.
The directors should take the responsibility of training and educating his subordinates, as well as appointing people to take care of a certain area. Employers should comply with the guidance on regulations regarding manual handling operations. This regulation was revised to update workers and employers with the improvements of knowledge and avoidance of risk of injuries.
To assess manual handling risks, certain tools were developed and factors were considered. These factors include tasks, worker, load and environment. Assessment should be comprehensive and consistent.
Some heavy equipments and tools are advisable because it is safer and can decrease the company’s cost due to accidents. Sites or workplace must be well lit and clean. It should be free from waste, hazardous materials and obstructions. Everybody should obseRVe good housekeeping. Performance and safety kits and devices should be well monitored. Everyone must comply with the control measures and all activities should be carefully planned.
There is also the Manual Handling Assessment Chart (MAC) Tool, which was developed so that workers will be able to identify high risk workplace. Also, this tool is designed to assess the risk factors caused by lifting, carrying and team handling activities. It aims to help workers and employers to interpret and understand the risks, and to categories them according to certain levels.
Manual handling accidents not only cause physical damages to human, it can also cause loss of money, work delays and risks the reputation of the company. A complete application of safety rules and good management will result to effective and productive work environment.
Mmm Mmm - Gotta Love That Pie Mold
Copyright 2006 Mike Patrick Jr, MD
Pie mold. No, it's not the fuzzy stuff you find a week after Aunt Loretta sends you home with left-overs. Campers know what I'm talking about. Pie molds were all the rage in the Seventies--and they're still popular today. One of my favorite childhood memories is sitting around the campfire as a kid, feeling the warmth on my face, watching the flames dance, listening to the hiss and pop of burning wood, and smelling the acrid aroma that will linger in your clothes until their next washing. In this memory, I'm holding the wooden grips of a pie mold, keeping its cooking surface just above the hot coals on the fire's edge.
The Pie Mold was our campfire cooker, and a slick one at that. On the business end, two metal plates came together, sandwiching a creation of bread and toppings. Stick it in the fire a minute or two, pull it out, open it up, and wah-lah: You had a golden-brown pie filled with pizza fixings or cherry sauce or bacon and eggs or whatever else got your stomach growling and your mouth watering. It may not have been the healthiest of meals, but remember this is Camping we're talking about. Save your salads and yogurt for home. When you're out in the woods, you gotta live a little.
There was a time I had forgotten this memory. High School and College have a tendency to erase some of your past, and for me the pie mold became a victim of that fate. I met a girl. We graduated from College, married, started a family--you know the drill. At some point in this process, I discovered something amazing: My wife's father makes pie molds. I'm not kidding. Talk about an uncanny way of reviving a childhood memory. Soon after I made this discovery, he told me the story.
Back in 1962, pie molds were around, but they were made of cast iron. The iron took forever to reach cooking temperature and it distributed heat unevenly. So instead of a golden-brown pie, you ended up with burnt crust and a lukewarm center. He had the idea that heavy-duty aluminum would work better. It would heat quickly, it would heat evenly, and it was light weight to boot. Not being a man to sit on the sidelines while another takes action, he called a foundry, invested in a pattern, and the Minute Pie Mold Company was born. As it turns out, he was right about the aluminum. The Minute Pie Mold outperformed the old cast-iron model in every way, and sales climbed as campers started using them.
Upon hearing his story, I called my parents, eager to see if the pie mold of my memory was a Minute Pie Mold. How cool would that be?
Well, I'm sorry to say my parents couldn't remember. It seems their divorce had put a damper on Camping memories, and since a drop-down-drag-out custody battle over gear wasn't in the cards, that old pie mold was lost to the ages. But to this day, I firmly believe it was a Minute Pie Mold. Don't try to convince me otherwise.
So what's my point? Well, I'm not after free advertising for the Minute Pie Mold Company (although I'm sure you'd put a smile on an old man's face if you surf over to www.minutepiemold.com and take a peek at what I'm talking about) and I'm not trying to convince you that providence led me from an old campfire cooker to its creator's daughter.
What it does boil down to is this: Memories. If I hadn't married the daughter of a pie mold maker, I might have forgetten those campfire memories altogether. But I did marry the daughter of a pie mold maker. I do remember the campfire memories, and I did something about them. We have a campfire ring in the backyard and a whole set of Minute Pie Molds thanks to a generous family discount. Most important of all, the kids whoop and holler when we light a fire and break out the molds. They love pie mold nights. They're forming their own campfire memories, ones they will someday share with their children.
What childhood memories have you forgotten? Don't answer now. You can't. Afterall, they're forgotten. But if you slow down and pay attention, something will come back to you. And when it does, don't ignore it. Let it come back. Hold on to it. Remember it. Then take the time to share it with your children.
------
Mike Patrick Jr, MD is an American pediatrician. He also authors Pediascribe, a weekly column exploring the issues most important to parents and their children. Read more at Pediascribe.com
http://www.pediascribe.com
Pie mold. No, it's not the fuzzy stuff you find a week after Aunt Loretta sends you home with left-overs. Campers know what I'm talking about. Pie molds were all the rage in the Seventies--and they're still popular today. One of my favorite childhood memories is sitting around the campfire as a kid, feeling the warmth on my face, watching the flames dance, listening to the hiss and pop of burning wood, and smelling the acrid aroma that will linger in your clothes until their next washing. In this memory, I'm holding the wooden grips of a pie mold, keeping its cooking surface just above the hot coals on the fire's edge.
The Pie Mold was our campfire cooker, and a slick one at that. On the business end, two metal plates came together, sandwiching a creation of bread and toppings. Stick it in the fire a minute or two, pull it out, open it up, and wah-lah: You had a golden-brown pie filled with pizza fixings or cherry sauce or bacon and eggs or whatever else got your stomach growling and your mouth watering. It may not have been the healthiest of meals, but remember this is Camping we're talking about. Save your salads and yogurt for home. When you're out in the woods, you gotta live a little.
There was a time I had forgotten this memory. High School and College have a tendency to erase some of your past, and for me the pie mold became a victim of that fate. I met a girl. We graduated from College, married, started a family--you know the drill. At some point in this process, I discovered something amazing: My wife's father makes pie molds. I'm not kidding. Talk about an uncanny way of reviving a childhood memory. Soon after I made this discovery, he told me the story.
Back in 1962, pie molds were around, but they were made of cast iron. The iron took forever to reach cooking temperature and it distributed heat unevenly. So instead of a golden-brown pie, you ended up with burnt crust and a lukewarm center. He had the idea that heavy-duty aluminum would work better. It would heat quickly, it would heat evenly, and it was light weight to boot. Not being a man to sit on the sidelines while another takes action, he called a foundry, invested in a pattern, and the Minute Pie Mold Company was born. As it turns out, he was right about the aluminum. The Minute Pie Mold outperformed the old cast-iron model in every way, and sales climbed as campers started using them.
Upon hearing his story, I called my parents, eager to see if the pie mold of my memory was a Minute Pie Mold. How cool would that be?
Well, I'm sorry to say my parents couldn't remember. It seems their divorce had put a damper on Camping memories, and since a drop-down-drag-out custody battle over gear wasn't in the cards, that old pie mold was lost to the ages. But to this day, I firmly believe it was a Minute Pie Mold. Don't try to convince me otherwise.
So what's my point? Well, I'm not after free advertising for the Minute Pie Mold Company (although I'm sure you'd put a smile on an old man's face if you surf over to www.minutepiemold.com and take a peek at what I'm talking about) and I'm not trying to convince you that providence led me from an old campfire cooker to its creator's daughter.
What it does boil down to is this: Memories. If I hadn't married the daughter of a pie mold maker, I might have forgetten those campfire memories altogether. But I did marry the daughter of a pie mold maker. I do remember the campfire memories, and I did something about them. We have a campfire ring in the backyard and a whole set of Minute Pie Molds thanks to a generous family discount. Most important of all, the kids whoop and holler when we light a fire and break out the molds. They love pie mold nights. They're forming their own campfire memories, ones they will someday share with their children.
What childhood memories have you forgotten? Don't answer now. You can't. Afterall, they're forgotten. But if you slow down and pay attention, something will come back to you. And when it does, don't ignore it. Let it come back. Hold on to it. Remember it. Then take the time to share it with your children.
------
Mike Patrick Jr, MD is an American pediatrician. He also authors Pediascribe, a weekly column exploring the issues most important to parents and their children. Read more at Pediascribe.com
http://www.pediascribe.com
Redneck Women...How to Find Them
If your favorite way to spend a romantic evening is going to a tractor pull and a six pack of Blue Ribbon, you need this info.
You might also be a redneck if you can't find a single woman who isn't prejudiced against guns and God, or who doesn't understand the value of spending five hours in a deer stand in November. Or if you're a redneck woman and your turnons include big rough-skinned hands, scuffed cowboy boots, and a discomfort with a necktie. If you've felt the wind through your hair in the back of a rusted-out '79 Ford pickup, understand why you pick your feet up in a cow pasture, and have been acquainted at least once with the luxuries of a two-seater outhouse - you don't seem to fit into the world as it's becoming today.
Rednecks are everywhere, but how the heck do you find them?
Fortunately, redneck does not mean ignorant, and it never did. Rednecks, like everyone else, are gathering online. There aren't a lot of places to find single redneck communities online, but like stray cattle, they tend to find the herd and go in the same direction - follow them, and they'll lead you to your river. Or whatever.
Start by looking for online communities that delve into the things beloved by all rednecks: Nascar (especially old style, not the new rules that are getting introduced), hunting, fishing, Camping, four-wheeling. If you live in the right part of the country, you may find an online and offline community dedicated to mudding, that delicate sport that involves driving your four-wheel drive vehicle into the deepest and grossest mudhole you can locate.
A lot of Active Duty, National Guard and ReseRVist soldiers are rednecks. Army and Marine units can provide the most concentrated groups of rednecks. You'll also find a large population of rednecks in the firefighting and police forces. Groups that appeal to gun lovers and Civil War re-enactments are great places to find rednecks.
It's pretty easy to find redneck guys, but redneck women are tougher. For one thing, while it's okay for women to infiltrate the guy cultures to a certain point, most redneck women stay in the more feminine side of things, and it's not so okay for guys to invade these. Check out this limited list of online specialities that appeal to redneck women.
Cooking from scratch websites are often a fantastic places to find redneck women. Look at the fringe benefits: you get great biscuit and gravy recipes, and you will most likely find a woman who likes to cook. Downside: the frilly apron.
Another hot spot: homeschooling sites. You find women with baggage, true, but you also find women who are fiercely interested in raising kids right, to the point that they will sacrifice a large part of their own lives to do it. And these are women who don't get out a lot, which means you're likely to have several to choose from with no real competition.
Other really good places to find redneck women: sites where they are seeking out redneck men. Dating sites abound on the internet. The big mega sites that appeal to a huge general audience may yield some results, but digging a little deeper and investigating more niche sites that cater to tattoos, bikers, confederacy, country and cowgirls are probably going to get you more possibilities.
Don't limit yourself to only online searching, either. Keep in mind that you should find lots of single redneck women at county fairs, NASCAR events, rodeos, and, of course, the local honky tonk. Several states also have huge Redneck Games events that draw thousands of real redneck women.
While it may be a little difficult to locate the perfect redneck woman, once you do, you can count on having someone with you who is loyal and true and wants to share in the same things as you.
------
Fred Morris is the owner of RedneckandSingle.com an online community of over 18,000 single rednecks seeking romance, friendship, adventure, hunting, Camping and fishing partners, and NASCAR buddies. Visit http://www.redneckandsingle.com/ and find your own redneck
You might also be a redneck if you can't find a single woman who isn't prejudiced against guns and God, or who doesn't understand the value of spending five hours in a deer stand in November. Or if you're a redneck woman and your turnons include big rough-skinned hands, scuffed cowboy boots, and a discomfort with a necktie. If you've felt the wind through your hair in the back of a rusted-out '79 Ford pickup, understand why you pick your feet up in a cow pasture, and have been acquainted at least once with the luxuries of a two-seater outhouse - you don't seem to fit into the world as it's becoming today.
Rednecks are everywhere, but how the heck do you find them?
Fortunately, redneck does not mean ignorant, and it never did. Rednecks, like everyone else, are gathering online. There aren't a lot of places to find single redneck communities online, but like stray cattle, they tend to find the herd and go in the same direction - follow them, and they'll lead you to your river. Or whatever.
Start by looking for online communities that delve into the things beloved by all rednecks: Nascar (especially old style, not the new rules that are getting introduced), hunting, fishing, Camping, four-wheeling. If you live in the right part of the country, you may find an online and offline community dedicated to mudding, that delicate sport that involves driving your four-wheel drive vehicle into the deepest and grossest mudhole you can locate.
A lot of Active Duty, National Guard and ReseRVist soldiers are rednecks. Army and Marine units can provide the most concentrated groups of rednecks. You'll also find a large population of rednecks in the firefighting and police forces. Groups that appeal to gun lovers and Civil War re-enactments are great places to find rednecks.
It's pretty easy to find redneck guys, but redneck women are tougher. For one thing, while it's okay for women to infiltrate the guy cultures to a certain point, most redneck women stay in the more feminine side of things, and it's not so okay for guys to invade these. Check out this limited list of online specialities that appeal to redneck women.
Cooking from scratch websites are often a fantastic places to find redneck women. Look at the fringe benefits: you get great biscuit and gravy recipes, and you will most likely find a woman who likes to cook. Downside: the frilly apron.
Another hot spot: homeschooling sites. You find women with baggage, true, but you also find women who are fiercely interested in raising kids right, to the point that they will sacrifice a large part of their own lives to do it. And these are women who don't get out a lot, which means you're likely to have several to choose from with no real competition.
Other really good places to find redneck women: sites where they are seeking out redneck men. Dating sites abound on the internet. The big mega sites that appeal to a huge general audience may yield some results, but digging a little deeper and investigating more niche sites that cater to tattoos, bikers, confederacy, country and cowgirls are probably going to get you more possibilities.
Don't limit yourself to only online searching, either. Keep in mind that you should find lots of single redneck women at county fairs, NASCAR events, rodeos, and, of course, the local honky tonk. Several states also have huge Redneck Games events that draw thousands of real redneck women.
While it may be a little difficult to locate the perfect redneck woman, once you do, you can count on having someone with you who is loyal and true and wants to share in the same things as you.
------
Fred Morris is the owner of RedneckandSingle.com an online community of over 18,000 single rednecks seeking romance, friendship, adventure, hunting, Camping and fishing partners, and NASCAR buddies. Visit http://www.redneckandsingle.com/ and find your own redneck
Monday, March 25, 2013
The Rules of Three - For Outdoor Survival
It is interesting to note that suRVival can be broken down into RULES OF THREE. These rules of three can be instrumental in providing a checklist or packing list for things to take on your next trip.
You can last 3 MINUTES without air.
If you are taking a scuba trip, you will want to pack plenty of air tanks for you and those traveling with you for the number of hours you wish to be under water. Another thing to consider is your altitude. Are you going to be high in the mountains where breathing could become a problem? Consider where you will be going and determine if sufficient air/oxygen would be present. If not, plan on how you will be provided with the amount of air you will need.
You can last 3 HOURS without shelter.
If you're hiking (or lost) and the sun is about to set, you want to make sure you have a good shelter to protect you from the cold. Make it just large enough to accommodate you and not much else. This is important, especially in cold climates, because your body heat may well have to heat it. Be extremely careful if you are going to use fire to heat the shelter, as most natural shelter materials are flammable! Plan ahead, and use common sense. If you are hiking in a dessert, you'll want a shelter to provide shade.
Most of the time, though, you’ll be trying to keep warm. Use everything you can think of for insulation. Crawling inside a big pile of leaves or pine needles is actually pretty warm and comfortable (do not attempt this near a fire). A large pile of fresh pine sprigs is not only a springy mattress, but is good insulation from the ground.
You can last 3 DAYS without water.
While you may be able to last three days without water, you will start to feel the effects of dehydration after only 12 hours or so. Your brain is made up of 70% water and will not think clearly without plenty of water. It is important to know ahead of time the kinds of water supplies you will have at the location you will be at. Is there a stream running through? Will you have to take water purifying items? Will you have to carry all of your water in with you?
You must drink plenty of water even if you do not feel thirsty. An adult should drink at least a couple of liters per day (more in hot climates). If you spent the night on high ground, then plan on moving camp. In most areas, just continue to walk downhill and you will eventually find water. Watch animals or follow their tracks. They will usually lead to water. Birds also tend to congregate near water. In dry areas, you may have to consider other means, such as a solar still. If you are getting water from streams or ponds, boil before drinking, or use water purification tablets or straw.
You can last 3 WEEKS without food.
Many people make food their priority. Even though your stomach may be growling of hunger, your body can last much longer without food than without water or shelter. Only after taking care of those needs first, should you worry about food. Will you be able to catch your food from the rivers or streams? Will there be game for you to hunt? Or will you carry all of your food with you? What about pots and pans? Will you have a stove to cook on or will you cook over a fire? Your Camping location will determine what options you have for food. You will also want to consider dishwashing liquid, SOS pads, grill scrapers, aluminum foil, etc. Camping is more tolerable when your hunger cries are answered with enough food to sustain your activities.
With that being said, if you find yourself in an unplanned situation where you need to rely on your surroundings for food, as a general rule, avoid plant life unless you know for a fact that something is edible. Stay away from mushrooms and any plant that has a milky sap. Common edible plants include cattail roots, acorns, clover, dandelions, almost all grasses that are seed bearing and the inner bark of trees such as Poplar, Willows, Birches and Conifers.
The easiest rule to remember is that if it walks, swims, crawls, or slithers… thump it, and muck it on down! Small animals, fish and insect life are always your best bet (remember, do not eat spiders or anything else with more than 6 legs). Use the knife, hooks and line, make a spear, make snares with the 80lb test cord. Setting multiple snares and fishing lines in ways that you do not have to baby-sit them is a good idea. Check them from time to time for a catch. This allows you to "hunt" without expending much energy. Use your imagination! The facts are, ALL fur bearing animals are edible. ALL birds are edible with no exceptions. Grubs found in rotten logs are edible, as are almost all insects (6 legs).
You can last 3 MONTHS without companionship.
If you are alone for 3 months or longer you will either go insane or you will develop a relationship with God. Like Tom Hanks in the movie, "Castaway", you will have to invent your own Wilson, or you will turn to God for companionship. Human beings were designed to interact with others, so if you are going to live on your own for longer than 3 months, consider bringing a companion along or plan on having someone "show up" for a weekend or two to help you get through the loneliness.
These rules of three can provide any camper with the proper frame of mind when faced with suRVival situations. I hope that you will be able to benefit from these rules and memorize them.
I learned these Rules of Three from Rodney East, a fellow Pathfinder Director. A portion of this content was also taken from the FM 21-76 US ARMY SURVIVAL MANUAL.
Frederic Madore
Proactiv Acne Medicine, Is it Really Working?
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All too often baseball players perfect the art of collecting the ball in the pocket of their gloves. This is particularly true for the younger players that are still in the learning cuRVe of using two hands for all catches. An expertly broken in glove wil... Read >Camping-experience-with-a-van-camper-1498992.html" title="Read: Enjoying Your Camping Experience with a Van Camper">Enjoying Your Camping Experience with a Van Camper
A camper van is a type of self-propelled vehicle that provides both transport and sleeping accommodation to the passenger of the driver. A camper van is especially designed to be used as an accommodation facility. It is fitted out with amenities that can ... Read >Looking at the Stars through an Online Telescope
In today's modern hi-tech world, we are able to converse with people half way around the world with a click of the computer mouse. The Internet has opened up a whole new world of information and communication. Well, the field of astronomy is no exception ... Read >Build Strong Muscles for Skiing with Hiking
You may think that you're just gliding along the smooth snow when you're skiing, and I'm almost inclined to agree with you. Skimming along the snowy ridges and cuRVes of the mountainside almost feels like you're effortlessly sailing, but this is just a mi... Read >Increase Your Stamina Levels with Energy Drinks
People nowadays live on a very fast and busy world. Competitions are always present in almost all of the things you do - in school, in your job, in sports, almost anywhere. One of the best ways to cope with this kind of competitions is through drinking... Read >Purchasing Just the Right Snowmobile
People who are just starting out with their love of snowmobiles might not have any idea what to look for when they are trying to pick out the right snowmobile to fit their needs. With the high cost of new snowmobiles and the uncertainty of used ones, buyi... Read >What is Espresso Coffee?
Espresso coffee is more popular today than it has ever been at any time in its history, perhaps thanks to the marketing power of coffee giants such as Starbucks. Many of the most popular drinks that we consume everyday are made using espresso, rather than the more traditional filter or drip coffee. Drinks such as lattes, cappuccinos, mochas and machiatos.
Given this strong popularity for these espresso drinks, it's surprising that many people don't actually know what an espresso is. For anyone who has never had an espresso, the first taste can be quite shocking. An espresso is very concentrated, and comes in a very small cup. However, it packs a large punch and the flavor can take some getting used to. (In other words, your first impression might be that you just swallowed something vile. But don't worry, it gets better with experience.)
Espresso is made by forcing very hot (not boiling) water through finely ground coffee. The coffee is ground more finely than filter coffee, but is not as finely ground as Turkish coffee, which is more like a fine powder.
Originally, espresso machines used steam pressure to force the water through. Today, a spring piston lever machine is used, which used a piston to generate the pressure and force the water through the coffee. It is important that the temperature does not go too high or low, as this will spoil the beverage. The ideal temperature is 85 to 95 degrees Celsius.
If the water is too hot, the espresso will be too bitter. If it is too cold, it will be too sour. As you can see, making espresso drinks is a very exacting job, and care must be taken to do it right. The people trained to do this are called baristas (which is Italian for barman).
As the water blasts through the coffee, it extracts the flavor, oils, sugars and proteins and dissolves them. This results is a very potent mixture that has a very strong, yet rich and subtle flavor. It also has all the caffeine of a large cup of filter coffee, giving it a strong kick.
To enjoy these drink at its best, it is important to drink the coffee as soon after it is made as possible, definitely within 2 minutes. If you intend to blend it to make espresso drinks, you need to do so within 10 seconds of pulling the espresso.
This is because the flavor packed volatile molecules in the drink rapidly degrade, both through contact with oxygen and as the heat leaves the drink.
The espresso is made up of 3 different parts, the heart, body and the crema, which is the delicate, creamy foam that naturally forms on the top of the drink. The crema is a sign of good espresso, and care should be taken to ensure it is preseRVed. To do this, some people use pre warmed shot glasses, which prevents heat loss.
There is no such thing as an "espresso roast" - you can make good espresso from light or dark roast beans. A very dark roast is a bad idea, as it can lead to a burnt, charcoal taste. The only important thing is that the coffee is ground to the correct grade, and that the beans are freshly roast.
Selecting the blend is important when making espresso drinks, as it is for any kind of coffee drinks. The factors to concentrate on are sweetness, aromatics and smoothness.
Also, the type of grinder used is important. The best choice is a conical burr grinder. This will produce a consistent grind (the particles will all be the right size), and will also make sure that the coffee does not overheat as it is ground (this would spoil the aroma).
How to make the best espresso drinks could fill books, as there are many factors to balance. This is why coffee shops spend so much time training their staff. When you find a place that seRVes excellent espresso, recognize that this is not just a happy accident, and recognize the skill and care that goes into making this most demanding drink.
Saturday, March 23, 2013
Yellowstone National Park: Hiking Tips
Yellowstone has been a popular tourist destination for over 135 years ever since it was established. Of the many parks in existence in the United States, Yellowstone is the oldest, drawing approximately 3 million visitors annually. It is a spectacular place to be and quite mystical. It's also a place that promises wonderful discoveries at every turn. If you're visiting Yellowstone for the first time, here are adventure tips you can use to maximize your trip:
Hiking
The best way to experience Yellowstone is to hike from one location to the next. However, remember that there is a wide expanse of wilderness for you to explore and to try to fit all the sights in just one go would be ineffective.
A good thing to do is to choose the hikes that fit your preference and capability. To avoid becoming overwhelmed, a good hiking trail to use is Washburn Spur. It starts at Dunraven Pass to end with a spectacular view of Mt. Washburn and Glacial Boulder. The trail up Mt. Washburn offers unending views of incredible beauty, so bring a camera with you. You can capture images of wildlife such as marmots, red foxes and bighorn sheep along the way.
The Yellowstone view
Yellowstone is an endless feast for the senses and there's plenty to drown yourself in. There are over 1,000 miles of trails here that are excellent for horseback riding and hiking. There are also numerous streams and lakes that offer excellent opportunities for fishing and boating.
And of course, there's the view. Even if you don't leave your car, you can simply drive along the Grand Loop, which cuRVes within the area for a good 140 miles. But why limit yourself? The adventure is in the exploration of the park itself.
Easily some of the most popular destinations are the geysers, found mostly in the western area of the park. The most famous of these is Old Faithful, so named because it erupts in regular inteRVals of 30 – 90 minutes. The Old Faithful area also offers skinny-skiing in winter, a unique experience that is also offered by the Yellowstone Institute for beginners and experienced adventurists.
There are also numerous hot springs within the park, famous for their terraces and cones. The most popular of these is Mammoth Hot Springs, which has the highest peak at 90 m.
Another adventure you shouldn't miss during a visit to Yellowstone is wildlife spotting. First-timers are often treated to incredible sightings of animals big and small including bison, coyotes, elk, bighorn sheep, squirrels and eagles. And with the reintroduction of gray wolves in the park, there is so much to see. Bring a good pair of binoculars and a camera with a decent zoom lens.
If you want to learn a little about history, the park also maintains a number of landmarks and places of interest.
Getting involved
If you want a more interactive adventure trip, sign up for classes at the Yellowstone Institute. Classes revolve around teaching students outdoor skills such as tracking, fishing, horseback riding, Camping and wildlife photography. There are also courses that introduce students to the history and unique ecosystem of Yellowstone. If you can spare the time, these courses are well worth it.
Used Concession Trailers for Sale
People tend to sell snacks and food out of their used concession trailers in many places. These come in all shapes and sizes. You will realize that if you have a trailer, you can sell almost any type of snack. These different snacks can be sold in nearly all the places which you want. There is absolutely no reason why you should not try a profit if you think that the corner by the bus stop is a fabulous place to set up that hotdog stand.
A great idea is to rent concession trailers for keeping cooked nachos, hotdogs, and popcorn. The trailers will keep the warm food hot. You can also seRVe drinks and cool beverages because of the refrigerated part of the trailer. You will make profit considerably if a good place is set up during lunch time. You will probably get recurring customers if your food is good.
You will be able to easily pay off the money if you buy a used concession trailer for sale. It is effortless to sell snacks on the street or even for a huge weekend event in town. Several varieties of snacks and foodstuffs can be made available by you. Many people will queue up to try your food. Once the word spreads around among people about how delicious the food is from your refreshment stand, you can pay off the money owed on the trailer soon.
At a majority of concession supply stores, you can pay rent or buy the used concession trailer for sale. A large number of these stores will offer you trailers in different sizes. You can then accordingly select how to pull your trailer. You may even decide then where to set up your refreshment stand for garnering business and sales profits. You may take the help if a truck or even a tractor to pull the trailer to the appropriately correct location which you have decided. Soon you will be getting customers and consequently, a steady flow of regular customers will return for your delicious food everyday. This will translate into your profits.
Compare the prices of thousands of new and used concession trailers for sale at ConcessionTrailerBay.com and bag yourself a bargain!
A great idea is to rent concession trailers for keeping cooked nachos, hotdogs, and popcorn. The trailers will keep the warm food hot. You can also seRVe drinks and cool beverages because of the refrigerated part of the trailer. You will make profit considerably if a good place is set up during lunch time. You will probably get recurring customers if your food is good.
You will be able to easily pay off the money if you buy a used concession trailer for sale. It is effortless to sell snacks on the street or even for a huge weekend event in town. Several varieties of snacks and foodstuffs can be made available by you. Many people will queue up to try your food. Once the word spreads around among people about how delicious the food is from your refreshment stand, you can pay off the money owed on the trailer soon.
At a majority of concession supply stores, you can pay rent or buy the used concession trailer for sale. A large number of these stores will offer you trailers in different sizes. You can then accordingly select how to pull your trailer. You may even decide then where to set up your refreshment stand for garnering business and sales profits. You may take the help if a truck or even a tractor to pull the trailer to the appropriately correct location which you have decided. Soon you will be getting customers and consequently, a steady flow of regular customers will return for your delicious food everyday. This will translate into your profits.
Compare the prices of thousands of new and used concession trailers for sale at ConcessionTrailerBay.com and bag yourself a bargain!
Friday, March 22, 2013
Is Very Early Pregnancy Symptom - Cramping - Always Normal?
You are pregnant. Congratulations! Have you experienced the very early pregnancy symptom - cramping? If yes, then don't worry, it is quite normal to get this symptom. If not, then you are going to experience it very soon. It's a way of your body to inform you that an embryo is implanted in your uterus and ready to undertake its nine-month journey!
Let's know more about this very early pregnancy symptom, cramping; when it's normal and when it requires your doctor's attention.
The Cause Behind Cramping
This very early pregnancy symptom, cramping, is caused because of the enlargement of your uterus, as it welcomes the embryo into it. The newly implanted embryo forces the walls of your uterus to expand, thus, causing the feeling of cramps. The second name for cramping is implantation bleeding, which takes place when the fertilized egg moves to the uterus lining and expands it. This cramping is just like the one you experience before your period.
Don't be horrified if you see blood spots in your panties, along with the very early pregnancy symptom, cramping. Spotting may occur about a week or two after fertilization. Moreover, the light bleeding will take place only for a couple of days. Another thing to notice is that the blood is very light in color, unlike the blood released during menstruation, which is darker. Also, menstruation lasts for 5-6 day while this spotting should NOT last for more than two days. If you are doubtful about this symptom, then look out for other early pregnancy symptoms. If you don't like the anxiety of it, they go for a pregnancy test straight away.
Cramping Requires Medical Attention When.
The very early pregnancy symptom, cramping, is normal and does not call for worry. It is a harmless indication by your body that it is preparing for nurturing your baby. However, if you get fever or experience excess bleeding with cramping, then you need to worry and call your doctor fast.
When we say that the very early pregnancy symptom, cramping, is normal, we mean ONLY cramping and spotting. However, if there's more to it than just cramping, then you require a doctor. For women, who have had a miscarriage before, should see a doctor to ensure that their cramping is not related to any complication.
Never ignore the dark color of blood or excess bleeding or excess pain. These are signs that there's something wrong. The very early pregnancy symptom - cramping DOES NOT accompany all this. Moreover, you should also not try to treat these signs yourself. You don't know why this is happening. Hence, it's best to leave it to your doctor.
There are women who can make out that they are pregnant simply by experiencing this very early pregnancy symptom, cramping. Then there are women who get confused whether it's the commencement of pregnancy or menstruation. Whatever be the case, the ultimate confirmation comes after the line in your pregnancy test kit shows positive.
Alien writes for Teen pregnancy . He also writes for family health and home remedies .
Video Source: Youtube
You can find additional info at the following links:
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RV Windshield Damage Repair Options
Since RV America assists more than 1,000 RV dealers nationwide, we generally stay current with dealership practices and procedures as well as new RV gadgets, warranties, protectants, cleaners, gizmos, and the occasional scam. One of the best new products we’ve recently seen on the market is a product called Diamon-Fusion.
If you’ve driven any vehicle – especially an RV – on the open road, you’ve no doubt experienced the head-whipping experience created by seeing a rock hurtling toward your windshield. You flinch, close your eyes, and simultaneously hear the inevitable popping sound made by the projectile. Instantly you open your eyes to inspect the nature and cost of the damage. We’ve all been there.
As mentioned above, there’s a new product on the market that many of our RV dealers are recommending, and that we wholeheartedly endorse as well. It’s called Diamon-Fusion. (RV America Insurance does not sell this product, nor do we make a profit from endorsing it.) Diamon-Fusion provides a four-year warranty, which covers the repair of any damage caused by road debris. You can purchase an upgraded warranty, which includes both repair and/or replacement of the glass.
So, how does this product work exactly? According to Diamon-Fusion USA, this product causes a molecular change in the surface of the glass. The process reduces the coefficient of friction and also increases its impact strength by as much as tenfold. I’ll explain.
Your windshield glass appears to be smooth, and it is, basically. But imagine for a moment that you’re looking at an extreme close-up of your windshield. Under a microscope, you’d probably think you’re looking at the surface of 80 grit sandpaper. Your RV’s windshield is constructed like that; it’s actually quite rough. You might say that the surface of your windshield is covered with millions of peaks and craters. So, here’s what happens when that projectile hits your windshield; the rock, let’s say, actually grips into one of these craters transferring its full force to that immediate spot on your windshield. If the force is strong enough, you’re left with a star, or crack in your glass.
How does Diamon-Fusion work? Although we could elaborate on the entire molecular process, let’s over-simplify at this point. The application of this product first creates a smooth surface by filling in the peaks and valleys. Then a protective coating is added which provides the durability. Simple, huh? Not only is your RV windshield now stronger, but the slicker surface significantly increases the chances that a rock will bounce/slide off without creating damage. In fact, lab tests conducted by the company show that it would take about 10 times the force to crack a Diamon-Fusion treated windshield compared with an untreated one.
While this alone is probably enough to capture your interest, there’s another added benefit. You can also expect to have improved wet weather visibility when your RV windshield is treated by Diamon-Fusion. Why? The smoother the surface of your RV windshield, the less likely it is that water droplets will be able grip your glass.
Because of the nature of the chemicals used in the process, the application of Diamon-Fusion is not a project you can do yourself. See your RV dealer for a quote and proper installation. The price can range anywhere from $400 to $2,000 for the largest of RV windshields.
If you consider the cost of a new windshield, and/or the cost of your RV insurance deductible coupled with the potential inconvenience of interrupting your vacation, you might come to the conclusion that Diamon-Fusion is a good investment for your RVing future.
Paul Bender
RV America Insurance Mktg., Inc.
1-800-400-0186
http://www.RVAinsurance.com
Paul Bender is the founder and Co-owner of RV America Insurance Marketing, Inc. in Simi Valley, CA. RV America Insurance is the largest RV insurance agency in the nation, and has long been recognized as the leading provider of specialty RV insurance through RV dealerships nationwide. RV buyers rely on RV America's licensed agents to provide outstanding value and superior knowledge of RVs and RV specific insurance coverage.
If you would like to republish this article please retain all links.
Thursday, March 21, 2013
Military equipment of Turkey
Historical Development
General
The first initiative in establishing a defense industry in Turkey goes back to the period of the Ottoman Empire. Defense industry which had a strong position up until the 17th century, stayed outside the technological developments in Europe since the 18th century and has totally lost its impact starting from the World War I.
Thus, no significant defense industry infrastructure was present during the first years of the Republic and activities in this domain were limited to the establishment of new facilities near Ankara during the Turkish War of Independence. Having the view that defence industry is a part of the overall industrialization and development, the Republican Administration supported the State guidance in industrialization and therefore the defense industry during the first planning period. Despite such activities as the in-country aircraft production, a strong nfrastructure could not be established due to internal an d external conditions.
In the post World War II Period, activities in defense industry initiated during the first years of the Republic were not sufficient due to lack of State support, which came to a halt as a result of the foreign military aid received upon promotion of bilateral relations with the United States and Turkey membership of NATO.
However, regional problems Turkey faced in the 1960, Cyprus crises in 1963 and 1967, Cyprus Peace Operation in 1974 and the arms embargo following the Peace Operation necessitated the development of a defence industry based on national resources. After 1974 Turkish Armed Forces Foundation were established with this understanding and some investments, though limited were initiated.
Besides the administrative and financial difficulties in maintaining and improving the national capabilities, limited national resources as well as the procurement policies proved insufficient to fill the increasing gap in Turkish Armed Forces defence equipment.
1923-1950
Machinery, craftsmen and workmen transferred discretely from Istanbul and its surroundings at the end of the Ist Worl War played a crucial role in winning the War of Independence. Small scale and simple workshops in Ankara, Konya, Eskiehir, Keskin and Erzurum not only provided light weapons and ammunition but also lay the foundation for a sound local defence industry infrastructure.
General Directorate of Military Facilities was set up in 1921. Establishing and industry of weapons and ammunition was discussed for the first time during the zmir Congress of Economics. In 1924 a facility for repair of light weapons and artillery and another facility for ammunition and carpenter work in Ankara; in 1924 a new ammunition facility in Ankara; in 1930 a capsule facility in Kaya; in 1931 a power plant and steel facility in Krkkale ; in 1936 a facility for gunpowder, rifle and artillery; in 1943 a facility for gas masks in Mamak were established. In addition, Nuri KILLIGL facility set up near Hali region, stanbul; in 1930 was then one of two private firms producing weapons. Producing pistols, 81 mm mortar and its ammunition, explosives and pyrotechnics, this facility provided support to the Turkish Armed Forces during the World War II.
In 1924, Glck Shipyard was set up for the maintenance of Yavuz battle cruiser. In 1941, Takzak Shipyard was reactivated.
Turkish aviation industry was initiated through the establishment of Tayyare ve Motor Trk A (TamTA) in 1926. The facilities of TamTA established in Kayseri, started production in 1928; until 1939, a total of 112 aircraft 15 German Junkers A-20s, 15 US Hawk fighters, 10 US Fledging trainers, 15 German Gotha liaison aircraft ere produced. After completion of the maintenance of the aircraft in the inventory of the Turkish Air Force Command, TamTA suspended aircraft production in 1939.
24 Nu. 37 aircraft and many gliders were produced in the aircraft facility founded by Nuri DEMRDA in Istanbul in 1936. but this private firm was out of operation in 1943.
The first major initiative in the aviation industry was the formation of an aircraft facility by Turkish Aviation Association in Ankara , 1941. Starting production in 1944, this facility produced 80 Miles Magister trainer aircraft, two ngine ambulance aircraft THK-10 light transport aircraft, 60 Ugur two-seater trainer aircraft and various types of gliders. The first aircraft engine facility was set up in Ankara, in 1945 and started production in 1948. various facilities were established in Malatya between 1942-43 in order to repair and maintain the aircraft procured from the United Kingdom during the II nd World War.
Foreign military aid that started upon Turkey membership in NATO and increased within a short period stalled the development of local defence industry which was at its preliminary stage of formation.
1950-1960
Instead of improving the local defence industry, foreign aid and foreign procurement were practiced during this period. Because of the Cold War and military and political polarization after the IInd World War, Turkey met its defence requirements through and in the framework of the NATO.
Within the impact of the increasing foreign aid in the post-IInd World War period, efforts for the development of local defence industry slowed down; orders of the Turkish Armed Forces from the local suppliers decreased, thus military facilities became a part of the Machinery and Chemical Industry Corporation (MKEK) which was formed as a State Economic Enterprise on 15 March 1950.
Development of, weaponry and equipment in the inventory of the Turkish Armed Forces was kept on the agenda by the Research and Development Department formed in 1954 under the Ministry of Defence in 1970, development studies of defence industry were reactivated.
1960-1970
It was a period regional conflicts and the Cyprus issue. Cyprus crises in 1963 and 1967 and the Cyprus Peace Operation in 1974, the arms embargo imposed on Turkey as a result of this Peace Operation proved the need for a national defence industry. During the crises, Turkey was face with the difficulty of dependence on foreign supply. The deadlock experienced in this period caused to seek ways toreactivate national defence industry. During this period in which investments based on import substitution were common, production of G-3 and MG-3 rifles by the MKEK under German licenses were concrete examples of this policy put into practice.
1970-1980
1970 have been the period in which solid initiatives were put into force so asto establish a national defence industry. As a result of the national reaction to the arms embargo against Turkey, Armed Forces Foundation were established. Although these Foundations formed enterprises such as Aselsan,Havelsan, Aspilsan thanks to the donations, it was soon realized that the actual need for a defence industry as required by the contemporary age could not be met through the Foundations.
1980-1985
In 1980s, state initiative was undertaken to realize the modernization of the Turkish Armed Forces and the establishment of a national defence industry based on contemporary technology was set as the primary goal.
The first step in this direction was taken by the establishment of defence equipment Directorate as a state enterprise. However, the shortcomings stemming from its state-bound status prevented the success and all the properties of that enterprise were transferred to the Undersecretariat for Defence Industries (SSM) which was established in 1985 under the Law No: 3238
Today's Turkish Defense Industry
One of the main tasks of the SSM is to re-organize and integrate the existing national industry so as to satisfy defence industry requirements, encourage new enterprises and channel them according to the integration and requirements, seek possibilities for foreign capital and technology contribution, guide enterprises and make plans for state participation in this respect.
Over the last 21 years since its establishment, and as a result of dedicated efforts, the Undersecretariat for Defence Industries has made real achievements in the creation of a modern national defence infrastructure in Turkey, with highly successful results in certain vital areas. Key defence industrial institutions have been established to meet the requirements of the Turkish Armed Forces through local sources, each of which fill an important gap in their scope of activity.
Additionally, some important capabilities have been obtained in the framework of the projects and industrialization activities. Briefly these are as follows:
Technology infrastructure
Export infrastructure
Strengthening side sectors
Restructuring industry and
Expertise
Turkish defense industries are now able to manufacture authentic products and have a wide research and development programme in which main supporter is TBTAK .
As a result of SSM projects now we have existence of a defense industry in Turkey. There are very sufficient sub-system producers, firms in Teknokent, small and medium sized enterprises, research institutions and universities.
Companies
Land Platforms
ASMA
BMC
FNSS
HEMA
MTU
NUROL
OTOKAR
Elektronic & Software
ASELSAN
AYESA
EHSM
ESDA
GATE
HTR
MKES
NETA
SAVRONK
SELEX
SIEMENS
TUBITAK-UEKAE
VESTEL
YALTES
YKSEK TEKNOLOJ
Air Platforms
ALP
BAYKAR
BYKMIHI
GLOBAL
KALEKALIP
Turkish Aerospace Industries (TAI)
TEI
Rocket-Missile Ammunition
BARI
GRSAN
MKEK
ROKETSAN
SARSILMAZ
TAPASAN
TSA
Naval Platforms
RMK
SEDEF
YONCA-ONUK
YILDIZ
Information Technology
C TECH
HAVELSAN
KO SSTEM
KALETRON
METEKSAN
MLSOFT
STM
Modern Equipment Of Turkish Defence Industries (including licenced products)
Land Platforms and Modernizations
Wheeled Armoured Vehicles
Hitit 6x6
Cobra
Cobra amfibious Version
Cobra with 12.7 mm Cupola/Turret
Otokar Yavuz
APC cupola (with Cupola/Turret) (4x4)
AKREP with Single 7.62 mm GPMG Ows
AKREP Mobile Ground SuRVeillance System
RN-94 6x6
FNSS Pars
Nurol Ejder
Otokar ZPT
Armoured Tracked Vehicles
ACV 300 IFV 12.7
ACV 300 IFV 40
ACV AAPC
ACV AAV TOW- Anti Armor Vehicle
ACV AFOV - Artillery Forward ObseRVation Vehicle
ACV CP - Command Post Vehicle
ACV ENG RECCE - Armored Engineering Recce Vehicle
ACV IFV 25
ACV MES-V - Modular Electronic System Vehicle
ACV MEV- Medical Evacuation Vehicle
ACV RV- Armored Recovery Vehicle
ACV SIGNALS - Armored Signals Vehicle
ACV SPM 81 - Self Propelled Mortar Vehicle with 81mm Mortar
ACV SPM RUAG 120 - Self Propelled Mortar, 120mm RUAG Mortar
ACV SPM TDA 120 - Self Propelled Mortar, 120mm TDA 2R2M Mortar
ACV-S AESV
Strecthed ACV-S IFV 25 One-Man 25mm Sharpshooter Turret-S
ACV-S IFV 30 Two-Man 30mm Bradley Turret-S
ACV-S IFV 40 40mm AGL and 7.62mm Turret-S
ACV-S SPM 120 Self Propelled Mortar Vehicle with 120mm Mortar
ACV-S SW BMP-3 Turret
ACV-S TLC Tracked Logistics Carrier
M113 (A2T2)
Tank Modernizations
M60T SABRA Mk3
Leopard 1T
Tanks
MTP Altay
Other Vehicles
BMC (215-09 2.5 Ton Wheeled Tactical Vehicle (4x4))
BMC (235-16 5 Ton Wheeled Tactical Vehicle (4x4))
BMC (380-26 10 Ton Wheeled Tactical Vehicle (6x6))
Land Rover (110 Otokar Engerekpecial Operations Vehicle (4x4))
Land Rover (110 mm Milan Anti-tank Missile Vehicle)
Land Rover (110 Pick-Up Crew/Single Cab - Cargo / Troop Carrier)
Land Rover (110 Station Wagon General Service Vehicle)
Land Rover (90 106 mm Gunship / Anti-Tank Missile Vehicle)
MAN HX 18.330 4x4 (HX 60)
MAN HX 26.440 6x6 (HX 58)
Mercedes-Benz Atego (1215C/4X2/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Atego 1517C/4X2/4200)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (1823K/4X2/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (1828K/4X2/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (1835LS/4X2/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (1840LS/4X2/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (2523CD/6X2/4800)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (2528K/6X2/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (2628CL/6X2/4800)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (2640CL/6X2/4800)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (3028K/6X4/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (3228C/8X2/5100)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (3240C/8X2/5125)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (3340K/6X4/3600)
Mercedes-Benz Axor (4140B/8X4/5100)
Mercedes-Benz Unimog U4000
Vehicle Equipment
Automatic Fire/Explosion Sensing and Suppression Systems
Bilge Pump (M113)
Bilge Pump (M48)
Commander's Cupola
Driver Periscope (AN/VVS-2A)
Full Transmission
Glass Periscope (M17)
Illuminating Instruments
Kupola for Armoured Personnel carriers
Main Gun Smoke Extraction Fan
Night Vision System (DNTSS- ACV)
Periscope (M36E1/M32E1)
Personnel Heaters
Sharpshooter Turret - 25 mm One-Man Sharpshooter Turret
T-840 and T-44 Turret
Tank Engine Heater
Tank Thermal Sight System (TTS)
Tank Tranmisions
Termal Fire Control System (Eeagleeye)
Transmissions
Naval Platforms
Milgem class stealth corvette
Naval Combattants
Barbaros class frigate (licenced)
Yavuz class frigate (licenced)
Coast Guard Search and Rescue Ship
Type 209 (licenced)
Kl class fast attack craft Type FPB
Milgem Patrol and Anti-Submarine Warfare Ship
Mine Detection Ship
New Type Patrol Boat
Patrol and Amphibic Ships
Cabin RIB Boat (JF 830 / JF 833)
Coast Guard Boats (SAR35, SGB37)
KAAN 15 Class ONUK MRTP-15
KAAN 20 Class ONUK MRTP-20
KAAN 29 Class ONUK MRTP-29
KAAN 33 Class ONUK MRTP-33
KAAN 16" CLASS ONUK MRTP-16
KAAN 16 " CLASS ONUK MRTP-16U
Landng Craft, Tank (LCT Class)
Landing Crafts, LCVP Type Landing Crafts (LCT Type)
Police Boats
Turkish Type 80 Class Coast Guard Boat
Unmanned Naval Vehicle
Unmanned Marine Vehicle
Water Jet RHIB (JP 24 Jet)
Support Ships
Akar class supertanker Type Support Ship
Fortification Boat 450
anding and Mine Laying Ships (LST Type)
MSH Boat
Tug Boats / Torpedo Tender
TCG. YB. Kudret Gngr Ship
Underwater Vehicle (AUV)
Naval Construction Materials, Sub Systems and Support Systems
AIS Automatic Identification System Electronic Chart System (ECS) Software
A-595 Surface Supply and Combat Support Ship
Diesel Marin Engines
Diver Detection Sonar
Docking Up To 4500 Tons and Pier Facilities
Dry Dock Measurement System
Echo Sounder
Electro catalytic Chlorination Unit
Floating Pool and Dry Pool
Frigate Power Transmission and Distribution Switchboard Panels
Hull Scanner
National Sonar Wet End Prototype
Hydrophones
Marine Genset (3,5KW - 80KW)
Message Terminal Unit (TB-2000)
Military Type Rugged Consoles
Naval Platform Radar Electronic Support System (ARES-2N)
Ocean Bottom Seismometer
Operator Console (OPCON)
Passive Harbour Protection System
Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV)
Seafloor Sediment Sampler
Side-Scan Sonar System
Sonar (Multi-beam)
Shipboard Integrated Battle Command System
Stabilized Machine Gun Platform (STAMP)
Sub System Adaptation Unit (SAU)
Submarine Battery Production
Submarine Power Transmission and Distribution Switchboard Panels
Submarine and Auxiliary Ships Programs Support and Consultancy Services
Tank Level Measurement System
Underwater Acoustic Modeling
Underwater Cables and Connnectors
UW-Monitor
Various Parts for Ships
Vessel Communication Switching System
Video Recording Unit (VRU)
Air Platforms
Licenced and main products
F-16 Fighting Falcon
F-35 Lightning II
Airbus A400M
CASA CN-235
TAI T129
Eurocopter AS 532
Turkish Primary and Basic Training Aircraft (HRKU)
Modernizations
C-130E/B Avionics Modernization (ERCIYES) Program
F-16 CCIP Modernization
Meltem II (Modification of CN235)
Open Skies Aircraft (ASA) (Modification of CN-235)
Unmanned Air Vehicles
Target Drone (TURNA/G)
Tracking Target Drone (KEKLK)
Male Turkish Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (TIHA)
Mini Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (Bayraktar mini UAV)
Mini Unmanned Helicopter (Malazgirt)
Aircraft and Helicopter Engines and Equipment
3D CAD Design and analysis capabilities for aerospace industry. Parts and Assembly design)
Accessories for aeroplanes
Aerostructures Manufacturing
Airbus Aktuator Valves
Aircraft and Helicopter Engine Assembly and Overhaul
Aircraft and Helicopter Engine Part Manufacturing
Auto pilot modules
ATR PC Chasis
Flight Managament System (CDU-900)
GPS Sistemi (LN-100G INS/GPS)
Have Quick I-II / SATURN (optional) Frequency Hopping VHF/UHF Air Platform Radios
Helicopter Chaff/Flare Dispenser Integration Analyses Work Package
Helicopter Flight Control & Aircraft Engine Parts
Helicopter Tactical Data Link System (HELIS)
Lighting Control Panel (MELTEM II Project)
Missile Remote Interface Unit
Multifunction Display (MFD-268 E)
Production of Plane Heater and Helicopter Heater
Avionic Central Control Computer (SOFTWARE)
Composite Part / Component Design, Analysis and Production
Avionic Central Control Computer(SOFTWARE)
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Internal Combustion Engines
Turbojet AT225
Turboprop AT225
Training Equipment and Simulators
3D Modelling
Air Defence Systems Effectiveness Simulation Programs, Guided Missile Simulation Programs, Weapon Simulations for Classroom **Training
Air Trafic Control Simulations
Analysis and Simulation Systems (DUMAN)
Armoured Vehicle and Tank Simulators
Artillery Forward Observer and Fire Management Center Simulator
Avionics Video Symbols Generation Software (ALQ-178 AVSG)
Digital Environment Simulatorr (DES)
Digital Feature Analysis Data (DFAD) Level 1 for Aircraft Simulations
Digital Feature Analysis Data (DFAD) Level 2 for Aircraft Simulations
Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) Level - 1 for Aircraft Simulations
Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) Level - 2 for Aircraft Simulations
Electronic Warfare Operator Training Simulator (EHOPES)
Interactive Shooting Simulator (AES-800 / TANUS 2004)
Joint Electronic Warfare Training Simulators (JETS)
Joint Task Force Tactical and Operational Simulation System (MGKMOS)
Laser Based Combat Training System
Laser Marksmanship Training Simulators
LINK-1 Simulator
Marksman Training Simulators
Military / Educational Console Set
Modelling and Simulator
Mortar Simulator
Sea Surveillance Radar Simulator (APS143)
Ship Simulator (SHIPSIM)
Shooting Training Remote Controller - Standalone (AKS 1919 RC)
Shooting Training Systems (AES 2023)
Simulation Recording (DUMAN)
Simulation Systems & NASCAP Remote Networked NBC Detection and Management System (NBC)
Small Caliber Arms Interactive Shooting Training System (EE/RangeMaster2005 GS)
Small Scaled Tactical and Operational Simulation System (BASKIN / SAVMOS)
Software Development for Weapon Systems, Development of Simulation Software
Sonar Operator Training Simulator
Traning Simulations-MAS
Traning Simulations-SONOPES
Wireless Controlled Target System
Full Flight Simulator (CN 235 100 M)
Full Flight Simulator (CN 235 100 TK01)
Electronic Warfare Test and Training Range (EWTTR)
Helicopter Simulation Center Link-11 Simulator (HEL11SIM S70-B)
Helicopter Simulators (HELSM)
Mission Support System (MSS)
Weapon Systems and Flight Training Simulators (F-4E 2020)
Artillery - Rockets - Missiles
Artillery Rockets
Artillery Rocket (107 mm)
Artillery Rocket (122 mm)
Artillery Rocket System-Toros 230 Medium Range Artillery Rocket
Artillery Rocket System-Toros 260 Long Range Artillery Rocket
MK 40 MOD 3 and MK4 10 Rockets (2,75")
Multiple Launch Rocket System (107 mm)
Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher System (2.75")
Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher System and R-302T Rocket 302 mm (KASIRGA)
Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher System and TR-107 Ammunition Family (T-107 107 mm)
Multi Barrel Rocket Launcher System and TR-122 Ammunition Family (T-122 122 mm)
Howitzers
Modern Towed Howitzer 155 mm 52 Cal
T-155 Medium Towed Howitzer
Towed Howitzer T-155 52 Cal. (PANTER)
Towed Howitzer TUSpH (STORM) (T155)
Mortars
Commando Mortar 60 mm
Fog Mortar
Mortar 120 mm (HY1-12)
Mortar 81 mm (NT-1)
Mortar 81 mm (UT-1)
Air Defence Systems
Automatic Cannon 25 mm
Pedestal Mounted Stinger System (ATILGAN)
Pedestal Mounted Stinger System (BORA)
Pedestal Mounted Stinger System (ZIPKIN)
Twin Barrel Anti Aircraft and Infantry Support Gun 20 mm
Twin Barrel Anti Aircraft Gun 35 mm
Small Arms
Pistols
AKDAL F 06
AKDAL F 92
AKDAL GHOST
AKDAL MINI 03
AKDAL MINI 06
FATIH 13 - 7.65 mm
FATIH 13 - 7.65 mm
FATIH 13 - 7.65 mm
FATIH 13 380 ACP - 9.00 mm
KANUNI 16 - 9 mm
KANUNI S - 9 mm
KIRIKKALE 9 mm
KIRIKKALE 9 mm
Sarsilmaz Kilinc 2000
Sarsilmaz K2-45
Sarsilmaz CM9
Sarsilmaz ST10
YAVUZ 16 BORA Standard - 9 mm
YAVUZ 16 COMPACT MC Standard - 9 mm
YAVUZ 16 REGARD MC Standard - 9 mm
YAVUZ 16 TURA Standard - 9 mm
YAVUZ 16 ZRVE Standard - 9 mm
ZIGANA C45 - .45ACP Caliber
ZIGANA F - 9 mm
ZIGANA K - 9 mm
ZIGANA M16 - 9 mm
ZIGANA Sport - 9 mm
ZIGANA T - 9 mm
BERNARDELLI 13+1
BERNARDELLI 15+1
Haner
K2 - 9 mm
Kama Long - 9 mm
Kama Sport - 9 mm
Kln 2000 - 9 mm
PROFESSIONAL - 9 mm
VATOZ - 9 mm
Sub-Machine Gun
JAWS 12 Caliber)
MP5 A2 - 9 mm
MP5 A3 - 9 mm
MP5 A4 - 9 mm
MP5 K - 9 mm
MP5 KA4 - 9 mm
MTS2 - 9 mm
MTS3 - 9 mm
Assault Rifle
MKE-T50
G3A3 - 7.62 mm
G3A4 - 7.62 mm
HK 33 E A2 - 5.56 mm
HK 33 E A3 - 5.56 mm
T-50 - 5.56 mm
Machine Gun
MG3 - 7.62 mmm
Shotgun
Churchill - 12 Gauge
Strong - 12 Gauge (pump action)
Karatay - 12 Gauge (pump action)
M12 - 12 Gauge (pump action)
M6 - 12 Gauge (pump action)
M8 - 12 Gauge (pump action)
Cobra - 12 Gauge (pump action)
Altay - 12 Gauge (semi-automatic shotgun)
Akdal MKA 1911 - 12 Gauge
Rifle
Semi Automatic Sporting Rifle T-94
Sporting Hunting Rifle T-41
Sniper Rifle
Accuracy International AW - .338 Lapua
Barrett M82 - .50 BMG
TUFAN T-12
TUFAN MKE-8O - 7.62 mm
Grenade Launchers
40 mm multi-barrel launcher
T-40 HK 33 E (underslung)
T-40
Rocket Launchers
RPG 7 -40 mm
Ammunition, Explosives and Detectors
Ammunition
Aircraft Bomb (MK82 MOD1 500 lb)
Aircraft Bomb 2000 Lb.Mk84
Aircraft Practice Bomb 2000 lb. Mk84
Aircraft Practice Bomb 25 lb BDU 33D / B
Aircraft Practice Bomb 25 lb Mk 76 Mod 2
Aircraft Practice Bomb 4,5 lb MK106 MOD1
Aircraft Practice Bomb 500 lb
Aircraft Rocket Warhead 2,75" M151
Ammunition 105/35 mm MKE Mod 270
Ammunition 155 mm M396 ERDP
Ammunition 175 mm MKE Mod111
Ammunition 25 mm M791 APDS-T
Ammunition 25 mm M793 TP-T
Ammunition 40 mm MKE MOD63 GE MKE MOD 63 GE Tear Gas
Ammunition 60 mm M49A2 HE
Ammunition ICM155 mm M483 A1
Ammunition25 mm M792 HEI-T
Anti Aircraft Ammunition 35 mm MSD 020
Anti Aircraft Ammunition 35 mm ULD 034
Artillery Ammunition 155 mm M101
Ball Cartridges 5,56 mm x 45 (SS109/M855)
Ball Cartridges 9,65 mm (.38 cal)
Ball Pistol Cartridges 7,65 mm x 17
Cartridge 7,62 mm x 51 (4 M61 +1 M62)
Cartridges 12,7 mm X 99 (.50 Cal) (4m33 + 1m17)
Cartridges 12,7 mm X 99 (.50 Cal) (M17)
Cartridges 12,7 mm X 99 (.50 Cal) (M33)
Cartridges 12,7 mm X 99 (.50 Cal)(4m8 + 1m17)
Cartridges 20 mm X 102 M56 A3 HEI ( with War Head)
Cartridges 20 mm X 102 M56 A3 HEI-T (with War Head and Tracer)
Cartridges 20 mm X 110 HEI (MKE Mod 1102)(with War Head)
Cartridges 5,56 mm x 45 (4 Ball + 1 Tracer)
Cartridges 7,62 mm
Cartridges 7,62 mm x 51 (4 Ball + 1 Tracer)
Cartridges 7,62 mm x 51 (4 Ball + 1 Tracer)
Cartridges 7,62 mm x 51 Ball (M80)
Cartridges 9,65 mm (Special) (.38 cal ) (FMJ)
Cartridges Products (AVF1 MOD1 YK ATMA, AVF2 MOD 1)
Cartridges, 9 mm x 17 Short
Cartridges, Tracer 20 mm X 110 HEI-T (MKE Mod 1109) (with War Head and Tracer)
Cartridges7,62 mm x 51 Armour Piercing (M61)
Colored Smoke Can
Fog Ammunition 120 mm MKE Mod226
Fragmented Aircraft Bomb 500 LB PRE
Grenade Launcher Ammunition (MKE MOD60 HE) 40 mm
Gun Ammunition 105 mm HE MKE Mod233
Howitzer Ammunition 105 mm HE M1
Howitzer Ammunition 155 mm M107 HE
Howitzer Ammunition 8" HE M106
Illuminating Ammunition (120 mm MKE Mod 236)
lluminating Ammunition (EFAR)
Illuminating Mortar Ammunition (81 mm M301 A2)
Illuminating Rocket, Flare Surface Trip
Illuminating, Smoke Cartridge (MKE MOD3 Smoke Cartridge)
Mortar Ammunition - - Prefragmented 81 mm BHM
Mortar Ammunition 120 mm Cs MKE Mod 251
Mortar Ammunition 120 mm Hc MKE Mod 250
Mortar Ammunition 120 mm He MKE Mod 209
Mortar Ammunition 81 mm HE M43 A1 B1
Mortar Ammunition 81 mm HE MKE MOD 214
Mortar Ammunition 81 mm HE-FRAG MKE MOD262
Mortar Ammunition Cargo 120 mm MKE Mod 258
Parabellum Pistol Cartridges 9 mm x 19
Pistol Cartridges, 9 mm x 20 Long
Practice - Target Practice Mortar Ammunition 81 mm MKE MOD 238
Practice Ammunition 105 mm TpFSDS-T
Practice Ammunition 105 mm TpFSDS-T
Practice Mortar Ammunition 120 mm MKE Mod 228
Practice Mortar Ammunition 60 mm MKE MOD257
Sevrotin Hunting Cartridges, 12/70 Temporary Effective
Signal Cartridges (1", 1,5", 7/8 ")
Special Ball Cartridges 9,65 mm (.38 cal )
Submarine Signal with Parachute (PDK - PIK)
Tracer Cartridges 5,56 mm x 45 (L 110/M856)
Tracer Cartridges 7,62 mm x 51 (M62)
Tracer Cartridges20 mm X 102 M55 A2 TP-T
Training Ammunition 105 mm TP MKE Mod 234
Training Ammunition 120 mm MKE Mod227
Training Ammunition 35 mm MAD356
Training Ammunition 81 mm MKE MOD216
Training Ammunition 81 mm MKE MOD239
Training Ammunition 81 mm MKE MOD273
Training Cartridges 20 mm X 102 M55 A2 TP
Training Cartridges 20 mm X 110 TP (MKE Mod 1101)
Training Cartridges 20 mm X 110 TP-T (MKE Mod 1107)
Training Grenade Launcher Cartridges, Tracer 40 mm x 46 TP-T
Training Mortar Ammunition 60 mm MKE MOD 256 HE
Waterjet disrupter Cartridges 12,7, Electrical Cartridges 12,7
Explosives
Demolition Block ( lb)
Demolition Block (1 lb)
Demolition Block (M5a1 2.5 lb)
Dynamite Nitrocellulose
Ether
Explosive Nitrocellulose
Hunting Capsule
Lacquers Nitrocellulose
Long and Medium Range Antitank Ammunition
Propellant 20 mm And 12,7 mm
Propellant 5,56 mm and 7,62 mm
Propellant For Pistol (Ball 9 mm)
Propellant For Rifles 12,7 mm
Propellant for Rifles 20 mm
Propellant For Rifles 7,62 mm
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition 105 mm M1
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition 105 mm M1
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition 105 mm M30
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition 106 mm M 26
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition 155 mm M1
Propellants For Artillery Ammunition 155 mm M6
Propellants For Artillery Ammunition 35 MM
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition 5/38 "LK M6
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition 8" M1
Propellants for Artillery Ammunition175 mm M6
Propellants For Mortars And Priming (M9)
Propellants For Mortars And Priming 4,2" (M9)
Rocket Nitrocellulose
The Propellants for Hunting And Sports Ammunition
Training Capsules, 2.Sound K Training Capsule
Detectors - Demilitarization Systems
Bomb Demolition and Transfer Trailer
Bomb Determination and Demolition Equipments
Bomb Determination and Demolition Vehicle
Bomb Disposal System
Cobra Eod-Bratt Vehicle
Dirty Bomb Disposal System
Demilitarization (Ammunition)
Metal Detector - Hand-held (HANDY)
Mine Detector (TV/PSS-12)
Mine Detectors
Mine Lying Device
Mine Propellant System
Mined Field Clearing System For Vehicles(TAMKAR)
Mined Fields Clearing System For Troops
Suspicious Package Inspection System
Ammunition Components, Detonators
30 Ms Delay Copper,30 Ms Delay Aluminum, 500 Ms Delay Aluminum
Airplane Drop Bomb Composite Body (DOGAN 500 lbs.)
Aluminium And Copper Electrical Detonator
Ammunition Demilitarization Facility
Ammunition Plugs and Plug Parts
Ammunition Serving Equipment
Ammunition, Rocket Igniter
Blasting Detonators
Bullet Cartridge
Bullet Casing
Electronic Time Fuse, Inductive Setter for Fuses
Hardwire Explosive Demolition Device
Multi-Purpose Combat Robot
Remote Controlled Detonation System
Time Delay Fuze Programmer
Various Ammunition Parts
Hand Grenade
Defence Hand Grenade (MKE MOD 44 (MK2))
Defence Hand Grenade ( MK2)
Hand Grenade (MKE MOD 56 Riot Control)
Sound Capsules (Anti Riot Grenade, Soundk. 1.Sound)
Training Hand Grenadee - Defence (MKE MOD 46)
Arms, Rocket and Missile Components
Automatic Howitzer Loading Magazine Drive Unit
Barrel Insert System (35 mm)
Composite Electrical Launching Tube Assembly (ERYX)
Composite Gas Discharge Unit
Composite Launch Tube (122 mm)
Composite Launch Tube (TOROS)
Composite Launch Tube 122 mm
Composite Pre-Firing Structure and Left Hand Handle (ERYX)
Composite War Head Body (122 mm)
Composite War Head Body (TOROS)
Composite War Head Body 122 mm
Composite, Barrel Heat Jacket
Chemical Warfare Agent Detection System
Foldable Riffle Butt
G3 Rifle Improved Gun Sling
Law Launcher Pipe, Body And Fuse Box 66 mm (M72)
Missile - Ramp Plates (TBTAK - SAGE TOROS)
Missiles Components
Missile Parts and Guidance System Parts Production
Night Weapon Sight (M-993 - Small Arms)
Night Weapon Sight (M-995 - Havy Guns)
Night Weapon Sight(AN/PVS-4 Small Arms)
Night Weapon Sight(AN/TVS-5 Heavy Guns)
Pistol Body And Various Parts
Plastic Parts For Rocket and Missile Systems
Rapier - MBDA Components
Rocket Pipe (2.75")
Sniper Rifle Components
STINGER Composite Coolant Reservoir Assembly
STINGER Composite Launch Tube
STINGER Gyro Activator
Stinger Motor Case
TANK GUN Components 105 mm (M68 T1)
Telescope Mount
Thermal Weapon Sight
Electronic Warfare
Airborne Systems
Counter Measures Dispensing System (SPREAD)
Electronic Warfare Self Protection System (ASES-235M)
Electronic Warfare System Self-Protection (AN/ALQ178)
Helicopter Electronic Warfare Self Protection Suit (HEWS)
Radar Warning Receiver - Integrated Defensive Aid System (MDAS RWR)
Remote Controlled Fixed V/Uhf Direction Finding (DF) System (DFINT-3S2)
Ground Based Systems
Detector Jammer (GK-2 GSM)
Detector (GD-2 GSM)
Electronical Intelligence and Anti-Intelligence Products
Ground Based ELINT System (DFINT-2S)
Jammer - Detector (GK-2 GSM)
Jammer (GK-1 GSM)
Jammer (RF)
Jammer (PMJ03)
Labris Antivirus / Antispam Gateway Software and Hardware
Labris Firewall, VPN, Bandwidth Management and High Availability Management Software and Hardware
Labris Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software and Hardware
Labris Server Load Balancing Software and Hardware
Labris L1-L8 Network Security Appliances
Labris URL/Content Filter Software and Hardware
Land Based Electronic Support (ES) / Electronic Attack (EA) System
Mobile Direction Finding (DF) And Intelligence Systemm (DFINT-4A)
Mobile HF Tactical Communications Jammer System (JAMINT-4)
Tactical Communications Jammer System (JAMINT 3A V/UHF)
Shipborne Systems
Naval Platform Radar Electronic Support System (ARES-2N)
Electronic Warfare Support Systems
Armoured Tactical Directing Finding System
Custom Console Keyboards, Joystick, Trackbal solutions
Digital Media Modernization (SAMED - RACAL)
Electronic Warfare and Programming Simulation Systems (LR-100 EWPSS)
Electronic Warfare Operator Training Simulator (EHOPES)
Electronic Warfare Training Simulator (JETS Joint)
Infrared Signature Measurement System
Laser Target Pointer (ATOK)
Labris Antivirus / Antispam Gateway Software and Hardware
Labris Firewall, VPN, Bandwidth Management and High Availability Management Software and Hardware
Labris Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software and Hardware
Labris Server Load Balancing Software and Hardware
Labris L1-L8 Network Security Appliances
Labris URL/Content Filter Software and Hardware
Monitoring and Interception Systems (DUMAN)
Radar signature prediction and analysis software (RIKA)
Realistic Microwave and Profile Radar Simulator Based on Scientific Modeling (SOFTWARE)
C4ISR
Command, Control Systems
Acoustic Mission planning system (AMPS)
Air Defense Early Warning and C4I System (SKYWATCHER)
Air Defense Early Warning and C4I System Base and Harbour Defense Version (SKYWATCHER)
Arahap
Armeryol
Atimevse
Command and Control System (on Armoured Vehicle)
Maritime Patrol Aircraft Command Control Systems (MELTEM)
Labris Antivirus / Antispam Gateway Software and Hardware
Labris Firewall, VPN, Bandwidth Management and High Availability Management Software and Hardware
Labris Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software and Hardware
Labris Server Load Balancing Software and Hardware
Labris L1-L8 Network Security Appliances
Labris URL/Content Filter Software and Hardware
Mini Combat System (AMICOS)
Naval Combat Systems Integration
Reconnaissance / Surveillance System on Vehicle(MARS-V)
Reconnaissance Surveillance System on Vehicle (SAHARA)
Ship Command Control System (GEMKOMSIS)
Ship Integrated Combat Management System (GENESIS)
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR)
Tactical Command Control System (TACCS)
Turkish Air Force Integrated Command and Control System (TICCS)
C4ISR Modeling & Simulation System
Air Traffic Control Station Recording Systems (DUMAN)
Command Control Computer (CCC)
Console Parts
Decoder and Tracking system (MITIS IFF)
Digital Media Modernization (SAMED - RACAL)
Decoder and Tracking system (MITIS IFF)
Genesis Integrated Link System (GELIS)
Genesis Tactical Data Link System Modernization Program (GVLS-MP)
Interface Unit (BTS)
Labris Antivirus / Antispam Gateway Software and Hardware
Labris Firewall, VPN, Bandwidth Management and High Availability Management Software and Hardware
Labris Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software and Hardware
Labris Server Load Balancing Software and Hardware
Labris L1-L8 Network Security Appliances
Labris URL/Content Filter Software and Hardware
Mission Computer (Aselsan)
Military Hand-Held Computer (HT-7243/A-PM)
Military Lap-top Computer (LT-7241/A)
Mobile Command Control Center
Multifunction Operator Console (MOC)
Operator Console (OPCON)
Sub System Adaptation Unit (SAU)
Survey Information Center System (YOHMS)
Tactical Information Display System (METEOR BS)
Communication Systems
Automatic Signal Information System (AQUILA HF, VHF, UHF)
Communication Planning Tool
Compas View Test Tool Kit
Field Telephone
Frequency Hopping Radio Link (GRC-5218 Band III+ 8 Mbit/s)
Genesis Tactical Data Link System Modernization Program (GVLS-MP)
Helicopter Tactical Data Link System (HELIS)
IFF Mode-C
IFF Mode-T
IFF Systems
Integrated Communication Systems (Mobile)
Labris Antivirus / Antispam Gateway Software and Hardware
Labris Firewall, VPN, Bandwidth Management and High Availability Management Software and Hardware
Labris Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software and Hardware
Labris Server Load Balancing Software and Hardware
Labris L1-L8 Network Security Appliances
Link 11-16 Software
Message Handling System (MHS)
Multi Media Transmission Communication System (FORESC-3)
Network Security Device (AGC-100T)
Satellite Communication System (X-BAND)
Secure Voice and Data Communication Device (ZDEM II)
Tactical Area Communication Systems (TACOMS)
Tactical Secure Wireless Local Area Network (TS-WLAN)
Turkish Armed Forces Integrated Communication System (TAFICS)
Radios
Airborne Transceiver - HF (SRT 170, 270, 470/L)
Digital Receiver - HF/SSB (SP-2295R)
Digital Tank/Vehicular Communication System
Frequency Hopping VHF/UHF Ground Radios ( Have Quick I-II)
Ground-Air Radios (GCA 1000 Series)
Hand Radio
Multiband Multimode Handheld Radio (PRC-9651)
Multiband Multimode Manpack/Vehicular Radio (PRC/VRC-9661)
Radio (CNR 2000)
Radio (H4855 PRR)
Radio Listening and Recording Unit (APCO 25)
Radios (4700 Analog / Digital / Trunk)
Search and Rescue Hand-Held Transceiver (PRC-434A-SMT)
Transceiver - HF (SRT-2007)
Transceiver - HF (SRT-602)
Transceiver - HF/SSB (SP-2296)
Transceiver - V/UHF AM/FM (SRT 619/NV)
Transmitter HF/SSB (ST-5000 - ST-10000)
Crypto Equipment
Bulk Crypto Equipment (MLON-6 34Mbit/s)
Bulk Crypto Equipment (MLON-7 155 Mbit/s)
Bulk Encryption Equipment (MLON-5 2 Mbit/s)
Crypto Key Loading Device (KAYC-10B)
Crypto Key Reading Device (KAOC-8)
Crypto Unit Design (DEMET)
Data Encryption Equipment
Data Encryption Equipment (MLON-4A)
Electronic Crypto Key Transfer and Fill Equipment (EKATAC)
Electronic Crypto Key Transfer and Fill Equipment (EKAYUC)
Encryption Equipment (2041)
Link Encryption Equipment (EKAHAK)
Synchronous Data Encryption Equipment (SVKC)
TSK-1 ISDN BRI Crypto Equipment
TSK-2 ISDN PRI Crypto Equipment
Voice Encryption Equipment
Other Sub Systems
Airborne Data Link Processor (ADLP) Software Development (ADLP-100)
AC Power Line Filter (TGH-16 TEMPEST)
Business Communications Manager (BCM)
Business Secure Router (BSR 222)
Communication Systems, Power Supplies, Transmission Systems, Infrastructure Design and Manufacturing
Communications Portfolio (Meridian)
Digital Radiolink Equipment (SRC8000)
Digital Radiolink Equipment (SRC8000)
Digital Radiolink Equipment (SRL5800)
DC Power Line Filter (TDC-5 TEMPEST)
Digital Terminal (ISDN)
Data Transfer Systems (Wide Band Link)
Fax Analog Digital Converter (FASD-1)
Fax Security Equipment (FGC-2)
Gateway Device Over HF-VHF-UHF/IP * FORMUS: Multi-Transmission Media Communication System (FORGEC FORMUS)
GSM Monitoring and Interception Systems (DUMAN)
Integrated Message Handling System
Multiple Optical Line Terminating Unit (MOLTU)
Message Terminal Unit (TB-2000)
Multiplexer (TN-1XE SD)
National Fillgun Equipment (MLAY-1)
Signal Line Filter (SM-10 TEMPES)
Signal Line Filter (SM-5 TEMPES)
Signal Line Filter Panel (SP-100 TEMPEST)
Secure Terminal Equipment (SecVoice-2)
Tactical Data/ Internet Communication Unit
Tactical Area Communications System, ISDN & ATM Terminals and ISDN Terminals (TACOMS)
Wireless and Wireline Local Area Network Switch
Fire Control Systems
Automatic Fire Control and Barrel Aiming Systems for 81-120 mm. Mortars
Artillery Fire Support System (TADES)
Computerized Gun Laying System
Computerized wireless Scoring Target System
Fire Control System (ATMACA)
Field Artillery Battery Fire Direction System (BAIKS-2000)
Fire Control System (for Leopard 1 Tanks - VOLKAN)
Fire Support Team Headquarter / Forward Observer's Vehicle (ADESTIM)
Fire Support Automation System (AFSAS) (ADOP2000)
Fire Support Command Control Communication Systemm (TAIKS)
Firing Control System (T-122 Sakarya) (BORA-2100)
Mortar Fire Direction Systemm (HAIKS)
Naval Gun Fire Control System (76 mm FCS)
Self Propelled FIRTINA (TUSpH STORM) Howitzer Fire Control System (T-155)
Termal Fire Control System (Eeagleeye)
Thermal Sighting System With Laser Range Finder (DNTSS-LRF)
Collimator Instrument
Goniometer (Digital, ASELGON)
Muzzle Velocity Radar (7941)
Intervalometer (SEI2000-1/2)
Intervalometer (SUU-25 Flare Dispenser)
Intervalometer (Flare Dispenser) (SUU-25)
Intervalometer (Firing Control Unit) (Z02 M)
Position Periscope
Target Pointer ( AIM/1D)
Target Pointer (ATOK)
Target Pointers (IRAD 2500)
Target Pointers (IRAD 600)
Target Pointers (M-9395/M-9396)
Target Pointer (M-9886)
Target Pointer (REM007/TEM007)
Sensors
Main/Sub Systems
Air Defense Radar (ADR)
Field Artillery Meteorology System (AFAM)
Fixed Underwater Surveillance System (FUS)
Identification & Communication Devices (FIREFLY IR)
Labris Antivirus / Antispam Gateway Software and Hardware
Labris Firewall, VPN, Bandwidth Management and High Availability Management Software and Hardware
Labris Intrusion Detection and Prevention Software and Hardware
Labris Server Load Balancing Software and Hardware
Labris L1-L8 Network Security Appliances
Labris URL/Content Filter Software and Hardware
Laser Range Finder and Target Location and Identification Systems
Mobile Underwater Surveillance System (MUS)
Milimetric Wave Radar Technics (MMWT)
Production and Depot Level Maintenance of Radar Systems
Radar Command & Control Integation System (RC2IS)
Signal and Data Processing Units
Tactical Sensor Network for Border and Regional Security (TADAS)
Wireless Sensor Network for Wire Fence Monitoring (TEDAS)
KONOS Satellite Imagery (NTA)
Spot 5 Satellite Imagery (NTA)
Imagery Intelligence (NTA)
Thermal Cameras
Airborne Thermal Imaging and Targeting System (ASELFLIR-300T)
Airborne Thermal Imaging System (ASELFLIR-20O)
Electro-Optical Sensor System (FALCONEYE)
Night Observation Camera System (KESKN GZ)
Night Vision Binocular (High Performance 3X)
Night Vision Weapon Sight (High Performance 4X)
Night Vision Weapon Sight (High Performance 6X)
Surveillance and Fire Adjustment Radar (ARS 2000)
Thermal Camera (KAF)
Thermal Camera Modification (BAYKU)
Thermal Camera Systems (BAYKU)
Thermal Sight - T Series (ATS-T)
Binoculars
Binocular T 10 A1
Binocular T 10 A1r
Night Observation Device (UGG-2)
Night Vision Binocular (M1505)
Night Vision Binocular (M-978)
Night Vision Driver's Periscope (TV/VVS-2)
Night Vision Weapon Sight (HWS-6)
Observation Telescope T20A1
Position Periscope
Thermal Weapon Sight (ENGEREK-2)
Vision System (AN/TAS-4A)
Vision System (AN/TAS-4C)
Vision System (AN/TVS-4)
Goggles
Monocular Night Vision Goggle (M-983)
Night Vision Goggle (AN/PVS-5A)
Night Vision Goggle (AN/PVS-7B)
Night Vision Goggle (M- 972/M-973)
Night Vision Monocular Goggle
Pilot Night Vision Goggle (M-929/M-930)
Vision System Monocular (TV/MON1)
Software
AIS Automatic Identification System Electronic Chart System (ECS) Software
Command Control Early Warning Software (Peace Eagle)
Interoperability and Interoperability Framework Projects
Avionics Video Symbols Generation Software (ALQ-178 AVSG)
Agent-Based Modelling and Simulation System (ETSIS)
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